The increasing incidence of actinic keratosis (AK), morbus Bowen (MB) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), the patients with often multiple lesions and the disadvantages of invasive diagnostics show the need for an accurate non-invasive diagnostic tool for the determination of invasive growth in AK and MB. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive scanner creating cross-sectional images of the skin, to a depth of 1-1,5 mm based on light waves. Until now, OCT has been proposed as non-invasive diagnostic tool for basal cell carcinomas. Although the diagnostic value of OCT for detection and sub-typing of basal cell carcinomas has already been demonstrated, it is unclear whether OCT can discriminate between invasive and non-invasive lesions (AK, MB and cSCCs). There are some studies that describe OCT characteristics of AK, MB and cSCCs, however, these characteristics have a lot of overlap (8-13). To date there are no clearly distinctive OCT features to distinguish between AK, MB and cSCCs. This study aims to investigate the value of OCT in discriminating between the presence and absence of invasion in lesions with clinical suspicion for invasion. Two experienced OCT-assessors will evaluate the OCT scans independently. The OCT assessors are blinded to the histological diagnosis of the lesions (invasive or non-invasive), which is used as golden standard. A 5-point Likert scale is used for OCT assessment. 1. Definitely not invasive 2. Probably not invasive 3. Unknown, probably invasive/probably not invasive 4. Probably invasive 5. Definitely invasive In addition to completing the Likert-scale, assessors are asked to describe the presence/absence of predefined OCT characteristics (a.o. hyperkeratosis and the presence of the dermo-epidermal junction) In case of disagreement between the independent assessors, the OCT scan will be re-assessed in a consensus meeting.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
71
Assessment of the lesion with a non-invasive OCT scan according to a confidence scale (5-point Likert scale: 1 Definitely not invasive, 2 Probably not invasive, 3 Unknown invasive or non-invasive, 4 Probably invasive, 5 Definitely invasive)
Clinical assessment of the lesion by a dermatologist according to a confidence scale (5-point Likert scale: 1 Definitely not invasive, 2 Probably not invasive, 3 Unknown invasive or non-invasive, 4 Probably invasive, 5 Definitely invasive)
Maastricht University Medical Center+
Maastricht, Netherlands
Sensitivity
Sensitivity of OCT to detect invasion
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Specificity
Specificity of OCT in determining the presence/absence of invasion
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Negative predictive value
Negative predictive value of OCT in determining the presence/absence of invasion
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Positive predictive value
Positive predictive value of OCT in determining the presence/absence of invasion
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Area under the curve
Area under the curve for OCT in determining the presence/absence of invasion
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Sensitivity of OCT features
Sensitivity for specific OCT-features characteristic for the presence/absence of invasion, such as presence/absence of the dermo-epidermal junction or presence/absence of hyperkeratosis.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Difference OCT and clinical practice
Difference in diagnostic parameters (sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve) between OCT and clinical practice (clinical assessment).
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Specificity of OCT features
Specificity for specific OCT-features characteristic for the presence/absence of invasion, such as presence/absence of the dermo-epidermal junction or presence/absence of hyperkeratosis.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Positive predictive value of OCT features
Positive predictive value for specific OCT-features characteristic for the presence/absence of invasion, such as presence/absence of the dermo-epidermal junction or presence/absence of hyperkeratosis.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Negative predictive value of OCT features
Negative predictive value for specific OCT-features characteristic for the presence/absence of invasion, such as presence/absence of the dermo-epidermal junction or presence/absence of hyperkeratosis.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
Area under the curve for OCT features
Area under the curve for specific OCT-features characteristic for the presence/absence of invasion, such as presence/absence of the dermo-epidermal junction or presence/absence of hyperkeratosis.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 6 months
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