The proposed study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of XRT followed by systemic therapy among patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer and LMD
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide, and the second leading cause of brain metastases (BrM). Despite recent treatment advances, the prognosis of patients with breast cancer BrM remains poor, and the prognosis among those with leptomeningeal disease (LMD) is particularly dire with a median survival of only 2-4 months. Patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer have a high life-time risk of central nervous system (CNS) metastases, with an approximately 50% lifetime risk. Although the cause of death among patients with breast cancer BrM is challenging to ascertain, approximately 50% of patients with HER2+ BrM are thought to die from central nervous system (CNS) disease involvement. Among patients with LMD specifically, the cause of death is most commonly related to CNS disease. In an analysis of 430 patients (96 of whom had breast cancer) treated for LMD in the National Cancer Database between 2005 and 2014, those patients treated with chemotherapy plus radiotherapy had a longer median overall survival of 5 months (3.5 - 6.5 months) compared to patients treated with XRT or chemotherapy alone. In addition, a majority (n=18/26, 69%) of observational studies irrespective of primary tumor site have shown an "improvement or likely improvement" in survival with the use of XRT for LMD, either alone or in combination with systemic therapy. Hence, this proposed study will evaluate the safety and efficacy of XRT followed by systemic therapy (which is considered standard of care) among patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer and LMD.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
30
Tucatinib is a potent, selective, adenosine triphosphate-competitive small-molecule inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase HER2. The molecular formula for tubatinib is C26H24N8O2 and it has a molecular weight of 480.52 g/mol.
MYL-1401O contains the active substance trastuzumab, which is an IgG1 monoclonal antibody. The molecular size of the intact molecule is around 148 kDa. Each vial of MYL-1401O contains 150 mg of lyophilized proposed active biosimilar substance trastuzumab as well as 3.36 mg L-Histidine Hydrochloride, 2.16 mg L-Histidine, 115.2 mg sorbitol and 33.6 mg PEG-3350 (Macrogol 3350). Sorbitol and PEG-3350 substitute the α- trehalose dehydrate and polysorbate-20, which are used as excipients in the EU-approved and US-licensed Herceptin formulations.
The Ottawa Hospital
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
RECRUITINGSunnybrook Health Sciences Centre
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
RECRUITINGSurvival status from the start of XRT • Survival status from the start of XRT
To assess overall survival (OS) from the start of XRT.
Time frame: From date of baseline until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Time to CNS progression from the start of XRT
To determine the time for CNS symptoms progresses from start of XRT in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: From date of baseline until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
Safety and tolerability (CTCAE v.5.0)
To determine the safety \& tolerability of systemic therapy (tucatinib, trastuzumab and capecitabine) in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: From date of baseline until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 36 months
Progression free survival from the start of XRT
To determine progression from the start of XRT in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: From date of baseline until the date of first documented progression or date of death from any cause, whichever came first, assessed up to 100 months
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Capecitabine is a tumour-activated antineoplastic agent (antimetabolite). The molecular formula for capecitabine is C15H22FN3O6 and has a molecular weight of 359.35 g/mol.
Brain \& Spinal XRT is a treatment for patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer and leptomeningeal disease,
CNS specific objective response (RANO-BM)
To determine the CNS objective response in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: Every 6 weeks through study completion, an average of 5 years
Extracranial objective response (RECIST v1.1)
To determine the extracranial objective response in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: Every 6 weeks through study completion, an average of 5 years
Neurologic-specific QoL (FACT-BR version 4)
To determine the neurologic-specific QoL's in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: Pre-treatment, at the start of Cycle 3 (Cycle 3 Day 1, +/- 7 days) and at the Safety Visit
Overall QoL (EORTC QLQ-C30 version 3)
To determine the Overall QoL in the proposed patient population after completion of brain and/or spinal XRT. To determine the efficacy of tucatinib plus trastuzumab and capecitabine for the treatment of patients with HER2+ breast cancer and leptomeningeal metastases (LMD).
Time frame: Pre-treatment, at the start of Cycle 3 (Cycle 3 Day 1, +/- 7 days) and at the Safety Visit