The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about the safety and effectiveness of LAM-001 in patients who have developed bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), a form of chronic rejection, after lung transplantation. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is LAM-001 safe in these patients? * Is LAM-001 effective in slowing BOS progression? Participants will: * Be randomly assigned to inhale either LAM-001 or placebo (a look-alike substance that contains no active drug) daily for 48 weeks * Attend 10 study visits (mixture of in-person and telehealth) over the 48 week period * Undergo pulmonary function testing, bronchoscopy, lab testing, and physical examination * Submit weekly home spirometry monitoring Researchers will compare participants assigned to LAM-001 versus placebo to see if LAM-001 is safely tolerated and to assess the effectiveness of LAM-001 on slowing BOS progression.
Chronic rejection, commonly denoted as bronchiolitis obliterans (BO), obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), or bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), is the leading cause of death beyond the first year after lung transplantation. Whereas the development of BOS is rare within the first year after lung transplantation, annual increments of approximately 10% are recorded in subsequent years, resulting in a cumulative incidence range of 40-50% within the first five years and 70-80% within 10 years of transplantation. No current effective treatment for BOS exists. BOS represents the leading cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation, limiting 5-year survival to well below other solid organ transplants. BOS is characterized by an inexorable lung function decline despite currently available immunomodulatory treatments. Sirolimus has been shown to block T-cell proliferative effects induced by cytokines, alloantigens, and mitogens in a dose-dependent manner(4, 5). Oral sirolimus has been shown in small studies to have a beneficial impact on rapidly progressive BOS; however, administration in this patient population has been challenged by a high degree of intolerance with the side effects. The development of LAM-001 for lung transplant related BOS, conceptually a T-cell driven process against transplanted alloantigen, is based on the principal hypothesis that administration of a sirolimus dose to the rejecting lung allograft(s) by inhalation will result in improved efficacy by depositing higher drug concentrations directly within the allograft by inhalation than would be achieved by oral administration due to systemic toxicities associated with oral sirolimus. Because of known reduced systemic bioavailability of LAM-001 compared to oral sirolimus dosing, amelioration of the substantial adverse event profile compared to oral drug is expected. LAM-001 is also expected to reduce serious complication risks by obviating requirements for maintenance and augmented immune drugs used to treat BOS.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Enrollment
30
University of California, San Francisco
San Francisco, California, United States
RECRUITING% change in FEV1 from baseline
Patient's % change in FEV1 from baseline at 48 weeks or termination of treatment, whichever is earlier
Time frame: 48 week
Absolute change in FEV1
Change in FEV1 from baseline
Time frame: 48 weeks
Change in the rate of progression in FEV1
Change in rate of progression in FEV1 in the time period (up to 12 months) prior to enrollment in the clinical trial compared to rate of progression from enrollment to 48 weeks (or termination of treatment, whichever occurs first) as measured by change in FEV1/month (measured in L and as % of baseline).
Time frame: 48 weeks
Time to Progression Free Survival (PFS), Level 1
Time to Progression Free Survival (PFS) Level 1, defined as the earliest of the following: 1. Absolute decrease in the FEV1 from baseline of \>10% 2. Death from respiratory failure or re-transplantation
Time frame: 48 weeks
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