Neoadjuvant Immunochemotherapy for Lung Cancer

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Lung surgery was performed in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Zhongshan Hospital; 2. At least one cycle of neoadjuvant treatment containing the immune drug PD-1 immunosuppressant was performed before surgery; 3. Malignancy was present and confirmed in the pathology before treatment and after surgery; 4. The lung lesion was the primary lesion. Exclusion Criteria: 1. No lung surgery was performed until 2022.11; 2. No preoperative neoadjuvant therapy was performed or recorded; 3. Neoadjuvant therapy did not include immune drugs; 4. Previous history of malignancy (including surgery and adjuvant therapy); 5. Previous use of system-related immune medicines, such as immunosuppressants and monoclonal antibodies; and 6. Other conditions inappropriate for enrollment by the investigator.