The Effects of Metabolic & Bariatric Surgery on Lipid Metabolism, Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells, and Cancer Cell Biology

For an eligible subject, all the following must be answered "yes": * Biological female sex * Age \>=35 and \<=60 years (including pre- and postmenopausal) * Self-reported white or black race * The study will enroll approximately 50% white and 50% black subjects * Body mass index \>/=40 kg/m2 * Planned to have bariatric surgery or post-bariatric surgery * Ability to provide written informed consent * Allow the collection and storage of biospecimens and data for future use * Not having yet started the pre-op liquid diet before the bariatric surgery For an eligible subject, all the following must be answered "no": * Have type one diabetes * Use of anti-inflammatory medications, such as glucocorticoids or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications, within the past 15 days * History of cancer of any type * History of chronic conditions known to cause inflammation, such as tuberculosis, autoimmune disease, and human immunodeficiency virus * An acute history (within the past 60 days) or confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) infection * Currently pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant within the next 52 weeks * Currently participating in another study with competing outcomes * Any other situation that, in the opinion of the investigator, would negatively impact subject safety or successful compliance with the protocol