Randomized Controlled Trial of Internal Fixation Reconstruction With Stent Screw in the Treatment of Kummell's Disease

Inclusion Criteria: * Age 60 or above, gender not specified. * Must have one to three vertebral segments with vertebral compression fracture (VCF) located between T5 and L5, attributed to underlying primary or secondary osteoporosis rather than cancer. * All VCFs must exhibit the following radiographic changes: according to Genant's criteria, acute (≤4 months) decrease in anterior, middle, or posterior vertebral height by at least one grade (20-25% reduction in vertebral height, 10-20% reduction in vertebral area) compared to previous X-ray, CT, or MRI results. * All VCFs for treatment must occur within four months or less. * All VCFs for treatment must be technically feasible and clinically suitable for BKP or SAIF surgery. * Pre-treatment back pain NRS score must be ≥ 7 and ineffective with conservative (non-surgical) treatment. * Pre-treatment Oswestry Disability Index must be ≥ 30 (on a scale of 0-100). * Patient's life expectancy must be ≥ 12 months. * Must declare willingness to participate in all post-operative follow-ups. * Must be capable of understanding the risks and benefits of the study and willing to provide written informed consent. Exclusion Criteria: * Vertebral morphology or fracture morphology unsuitable for balloon kyphoplasty. VCF caused by high-energy trauma. * Asymptomatic VCF or vertebral bodies amenable to prophylactic treatment. * VCF at the same site associated with primary bone tumors. * Back pain caused by reasons other than acute fractures. VCF with an estimated fracture time of more than 4 months, based on clinical assessment (radiological evidence and patient history). * VCF associated with secondary radiculopathy or neurological compromise. * VCF requiring spinal surgery other than BKP or SAIF. * Spinal cord compression or vertebral canal injury requiring decompression surgery. * Combined clinical conditions unsuitable for surgery or affecting subsequent long-term data collection or follow-up. * Allergy to any component during the surgical procedure (e.g., bone cement, contrast agents). * Concurrent participation in another clinical study. * Pregnancy during the study or planning to become pregnant.