Assessment of Fatigue in Psoriatic Arthritis and Cutaneous Psoriasis Patients

Overview

Psoriatic arthritis is characterized with pain, swelling and joint stiffness. These are inflammatory reactions against tendons, ligaments and joints associated with fatigue. In France, almost 93.000 people are affected by psoriatic arthritis and the main symptoms appear between 30 and 50 years old. Psoriatic arthritis may be due to a genetic predisposition involving the HLA B27 gene, or to environmental factors such as stress, physical or psychological trauma, or infection. Obesity, type 2 diabetes and hypertension can also be factors associated with the onset of psoriatic arthritis. Cutaneous psoriasis is a non-contagious chronic inflammatory skin disease, where the skin renews itself at an abnormally rapid rate. In France, between 2 and 3 million people are affected by cutaneous psoriasis, approximately 60.000 new cases every year. The disease begin in adolescence or young adulthood. There are multiples forms of cutaneous psoriasis (plaque, guttate, pustular, erythrodermic, inverse, facial, scalp, nail and mucous membranes). The main symptom is the appearance of thick red patches of varying size, covered with white dead skin. These lesions are most often found on the hands, elbows, knees, lower back, face or scalp. There is little to no itching. During periods of remission, lesions can disappear completely or partially, then reappear during a new attack, called a "flare-up". A familial genetic predisposition is present in 1/3 of psoriasis patients. Other immune and environmental factors, such as medication, irritations, sun exposure or psychological state, can influence psoriasis flare-ups. Psoriasis has no serious health consequences, but it can be aesthetically unpleasant, affect relationships and psychological well-being. Fatigue is a common symptom in psoriatic arthritis patients, and can significantly affect quality of life and work capacity. Fatigue, which affects over 50% of psoriatic arthritis patients, is a major component of the disease's impact. Fatigue in psoriatic arthritis is a much-discussed topic in the current scientific literature. Although less well documented, patients with cutaneous psoriasis also experience fatigue. Several clinical trials show that, once the disease has been treated, fatigue tends to diminish, but in some cases, the treatment itself may play a role in the vicious fatigue circle. The risk of suffering other skin manifestations despite being under treatment can often be misunderstood by the patient, leading to increased depression and fatigue. Overall, treatments are more likely to play an important role in the variability of fatigue. Ultimately, fatigue is a multifactorial symptom that can be linked either to the disease itself, or to the therapies used. It therefore appears to be the most difficult symptom to treat with commercially available therapies. As fatigue is a major symptom of psoriatic arthritis and cutaneous psoriasis, it is essential to know how the therapies offered influence this symptom, and to study whether certain therapies are more likely to increase it, despite their efficacy on joint and skin symptoms. It is also relevant to determine whether fatigue is correlated with disease severity, duration and even more so with the therapy used, to better understand the psychological impact of patients with psoriatic arthritis or cutaneous psoriasis.