The goal of this randomized crossover clinical trial is to investigate the effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with intermittent walks of equal volume but at different frequencies, in addition to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, on postprandial serum lipid profile in young adults between the ages of 18-30. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do interrupting prolonged sitting with intermittent walks of equal volume but at different frequencies sustain positive cardiometabolic effects after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise? * If "yes", which frequency of breaks is more effective to provide cardiometabolic benefits? Participants will complete four conditions on separate days: 1) 6.5 hours of prolonged sitting after 30 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise 2) breaking prolonged sitting with 2 minutes of walking every 30 minutes after 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise 3) breaking prolonged sitting with 4 minutes of walking every 1-h after 30 minutes of moderate intensity exercise 4) breaking prolonged sitting with 8 minutes of walking every 2-h after 30 minutes of moderate intensity aerobic exercise.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
OTHER
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
14
Volunteers, whose fasting blood samples are drawn and who eat a standard breakfast, will perform a 30-minute walking exercise on a treadmill at 40-45% of their heart rate reserve. They will then sit in the chair for 6.5 hours. While seated, volunteers will be asked not to leave their seats except to use the toilet. Volunteers will be able to read and use computers and phones while sitting. Venous and capillary blood samples will be drawn at regular intervals and their blood pressures will be measured.
Volunteers, whose fasting blood samples are drawn and who eat a standard breakfast, will perform a 30-minute walking exercise on a treadmill at 40-45% of their heart rate reserve. They will then interrupt sitting with 2-minute walks at 35-40% of their heart rate reserve every 30 minutes for 6.5 hours after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. They will make a twelve interruptions throughout 6.5 hours period and will have a total of 24 minutes of interruption throughout the intervention. While seated, volunteers will be asked not to leave their seats except to use the toilet. Volunteers will be able to read and use computers and phones while sitting. Venous and capillary blood samples will be drawn at regular intervals and their blood pressures will be measured.
Volunteers, whose fasting blood samples are drawn and who eat a standard breakfast, will perform a 30-minute walking exercise on a treadmill at 40-45% of their heart rate reserve. They will then interrupt sitting with 4-minute walks at 35-40% of their heart rate reserve every 1 hour for 6.5 hours after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. They will make six interruptions throughout 6.5 hours period and will have a total of 24 minutes of interruption throughout the intervention. While seated, volunteers will be asked not to leave their seats except to use the toilet. Volunteers will be able to read and use computers and phones while sitting. Venous and capillary blood samples will be drawn at regular intervals and their blood pressures will be measured.
Volunteers, whose fasting blood samples are drawn and who eat a standard breakfast, will perform a 30-minute walking exercise on a treadmill at 40-45% of their heart rate reserve. They will then interrupt sitting with 8-minute walks at 35-40% of their heart rate reserve every 2 hour for 6.5 hours after moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. They will make six interruptions throughout 6.5 hours period and will have a total of 24 minutes of interruption throughout the intervention. While seated, volunteers will be asked not to leave their seats except to use the toilet. Volunteers will be able to read and use computers and phones while sitting. Venous and capillary blood samples will be drawn at regular intervals and their blood pressures will be measured.
Kastamonu University, Çatalzeytin Vocational School
Kastamonu, Turkey (Türkiye)
Capillary glucose area under the curve
Fasting and subsequent capillary blood glucose measurements will be carried out. Blood samples will be taken by pricking the tip of the distal phalanx of the right or left middle finger with a lancet. The first drop of blood will be wiped with cotton and the second drop of blood will be analyzed with a glucometer (GL 44, Beurer GmbH, Germany). Two consecutive measurements will be made and the average of both measurements will be recorded. For each 7.5-hour intervention, the total area under the curve (AUC) will be calculated for capillary glucose using the trapezoidal method. Incremental AUC will then be calculated by subtracting the area of baseline level from the total AUC.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions samples will be collected at the 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast, and at the 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch.
Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol area under the curve
Fasting venous blood samples for serum LDL cholesterol will be collected by inserting a cannula into the appropriate vein. The intravenous cannula will be fixed tightly with patch tape. Then fasting blood samples will be drawn. During each 7.5-hour intervention, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch from the intravenous cannula with a syringe. The blood samples taken into the syringe will be transferred to a yellow capped gel tube and the blood samples will be sent to the biochemistry laboratory for analysis.For each 7.5-hour intervention, the total AUC will be calculated for serum LDL cholesterol using the trapezoidal method. Incremental AUC will then be calculated by subtracting the area of baseline level from the total AUC.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch
Serum High-Density Lipoprotein cholesterol area under the curve
Fasting venous blood samples for serum HDL cholesterol will be collected by inserting a cannula into the appropriate vein. The intravenous cannula will be fixed tightly with patch tape. Then fasting blood samples will be drawn. During each 7.5-hour intervention, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch from the intravenous cannula with a syringe. The blood samples taken into the syringe will be transferred to a yellow capped gel tube and the blood samples will be sent to the biochemistry laboratory for analysis.For each 7.5-hour intervention, the total AUC will be calculated for serum HDL cholesterol using the trapezoidal method. Incremental AUC will then be calculated by subtracting the area of baseline level from the total AUC.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch
Serum total cholesterol area under the curve
Fasting venous blood samples for serum total cholesterol will be collected by inserting a cannula into the appropriate vein. The intravenous cannula will be fixed tightly with patch tape. Then fasting blood samples will be drawn. During each 7.5-hour intervention, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch from the intravenous cannula with a syringe. The blood samples taken into the syringe will be transferred to a yellow capped gel tube and the blood samples will be sent to the biochemistry laboratory for analysis.For each 7.5-hour intervention, the total AUC will be calculated for serum total cholesterol using the trapezoidal method. Incremental AUC will then be calculated by subtracting the area of baseline level from the total AUC.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch
Serum triglycerides area under the curve
Fasting venous blood samples for serum triglycerides will be collected by inserting a cannula into the appropriate vein. The intravenous cannula will be fixed tightly with patch tape. Then fasting blood samples will be drawn. During each 7.5-hour intervention, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch from the intravenous cannula with a syringe. The blood samples taken into the syringe will be transferred to a yellow capped gel tube and the blood samples will be sent to the biochemistry laboratory for analysis.For each 7.5-hour intervention, the total AUC will be calculated for serum triglycerides using the trapezoidal method. Incremental AUC will then be calculated by subtracting the area of baseline level from the total AUC.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions, 5 mL blood samples will be drawn at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after breakfast and at the 60th, 120th and 210th minutes after lunch
Systolic blood pressure
Systolic blood pressures will be measured in the arm in the morning before each intervention and at regular intervals during each intervention. Measurements will be taken in an upright position just before blood samples are taken and after a rest period of at least 10 minutes from the last exercise bout. Blood pressure measurements will be taken with a digital blood pressure monitor (BM 40, Beurer GmbH, Germany) in the arm. The first measurement will be taken at approximately 08:30 a.m and the next 7 measurements will be carried out approximately at the 20th minute of each hour (10:20, 11:20, 12:20, 13:20, 14:20, 15:20, 16:20). Three measurements will be made at one-minute intervals and the average value of the three measurements will be recorded.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions, measurements will be carried out approximately at the 20th minute of each hour (10:20, 11:20, 12:20, 13:20, 14:20, 15:20, 16:20)
Diastolic blood pressure
Diastolic blood pressures will be measured in the arm in the morning before each intervention and at regular intervals during each intervention. Measurements will be taken in an upright position just before blood samples are taken and after a rest period of at least 10 minutes from the last exercise bout. Blood pressure measurements will be taken with a digital blood pressure monitor (BM 40, Beurer GmbH, Germany) in the arm. The first measurement will be taken at approximately 08:30 a.m and the next 7 measurements will be carried out approximately at the 20th minute of each hour (10:20, 11:20, 12:20, 13:20, 14:20, 15:20, 16:20). Three measurements will be made at one-minute intervals and the average value of the three measurements will be recorded.
Time frame: During the four 7.5-hour intervention sessions, measurements will be carried out approximately at the 20th minute of each hour (10:20, 11:20, 12:20, 13:20, 14:20, 15:20, 16:20)
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