The aim of this observational study is to learn about the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders among patients with chronic liver diseases
Major depressive disorder (MDD), or clinical depression, is a psychiatric disorder characterized by 2 or more weeks of persistently depressed mood accompanied by symptoms such as feelings of worthlessness, guilt, hopelessness, helplessness, loss of self-esteem, sleep disturbance, changes in oral intake, anhedonia, loss of interest, and suicidality. The american psychiatric association, on the definition of anxiety, describes anxiety as the anticipated anticipation of a future danger or negative event, accompanied by feelings of dysphoria or physical symptoms of tension. The elements exposed to risk may belong both to the internal world and to the external world. depression is highly prevalent globally and is a leading cause of disability. The global burden of disease study found depression to be a leading cause of disability among all illnesses. Liver cirrhosis is one of the diseases commonly associated with depression.chronic liver disease is the progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis (normally lasts 6 months). The etiologic agents of CLD include hepatotropic viruses (HBV and HCV), fatty liver, alcohol, autoimmune hepatitis, etc. The mortality of CLD patients remains high not only due to irreversible cirrhosis, but also multiple complications such as HCC and mental disease, especially depression. The progressive nature of this disease results in high rates of hospitalization, extensive exposure to medications, increased financial burden, frequent need for invasive procedures, changes in body image, and an increase in morbidity and mortality. All these factors contribute to the physical and psychological stress that mediates the development of depressive symptom high rates of depression have been documented in patients with decompensated liver disease and in those anticipating liver transplantation.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
118
The scale consists of 14 items, each defined by a series of symptoms, and measures both psychic anxiety (mental agitation and psychological distress) and somatic anxiety (physical complaints related to anxiety).
one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression
The SF-36 measures eight scales: physical functioning (PF), role physical (RP), bodily pain (BP), general health (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF), role emotional (RE), and mental health (MH). Component analyses showed that there are two distinct concepts measured by the SF-36: a physical dimension, represented by the Physical Component Summary (PCS), and a mental dimension, represented by the Mental Component Summary (MCS). All scales do contribute in different proportions to the scoring of both PCS and MCS measures
Salma Ashraf Mohamed Badr
Asyut, Egypt
Number of participants that experienced depressive or anxiety disorders
Each participant will be asked to fill items of questionnaires like The Beck Depression inventor, The Hamilton Rating Scale for Anexity and Rand SF-36 Questionnaire
Time frame: Baseline
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