The objective of this randomised controlled feasibility trial is to evaluate the feasibility of the Smart Taiko Drum-playing intervention embedding the cognitive-motor dual-task training concept for older adults with cognitive frailty, and identify the preliminary efficacy of the intervention on cognitive and physical functions and frailty status.
1. Study design: \- Randomized Control Trial 2. Participants: \- Community-dwelling older adults with cognitive frailty 3. Setting: \- Community centres for seniors 4. Intervention * Playing Smart Taiko three times/weeks x 16 weeks for 30 - 45 minutes each session * A Smart Taiko Drumming system has been developed for older adults to play the drumming game with their preferred music genres. 5. Waitlist-control group \- Will receive usual care 6. Health outcomes that will be assessed three times at baseline, during (8th week) and immediate post-intervention (16th week) * cognitive functions * physical functions * mental health * physical frailty status * body composition 7. Feasibility evaluation * recruitment * retention * satisfactory survey * compliance with the survey * safety * focus group intervention with participants
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
60
Participants will play drumming with the developed Smart Taiko Drumming System for 30-45 minutes three times per week for 16 weeks, in addition to usual care.
School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
RECRUITINGAttrition rate
Overall attrition rate-defined as the proportion of participants at defined study points who discontinued the intervention or were lost to follow-up (calculated as number of participants that withdraw (numerator)/number of participants randomised (denominator)).
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Recruitment rate
The Proportion of eligible people recruited (= proportion of people randomised/proportion of people eligible).
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Satisfaction to the intervention
Satisfaction questionnaire, including questions of "Does the game provide an engaging environment for training?", "Do you think the exercise intensity suits you?"
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years
Intervention Completion Rate
Overall intervention completion rate -defined as the proportion of participants who completed the allocated intervention with a minimum of 80% attendance. Calculated as number of participants allocated to the intervention that completed the minimum attendance (numerator)/number of participants allocated to treatment (denominator).
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Safety concerns of the intervention
Any adverse events during the intervention period
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 2 years.
Overall cognitive function
The Hong Kong version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment with the possible score from 0 - 30, with a higher score indicates better cognition
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Time frame: 6 months
Executive function
Frontal Assessment Battery Total score with the possible score from 0 - 18, higher scores indicating better performance
Time frame: 6 months
Memory
Fuld Object Memory Evaluation Total Storage score ranges from 0 -50, with a higher score indicate better memory.
Time frame: 6 months
Verbal fluency
Modified Verbal Fluency Test will be used to assess the verbal fluency, with no highest score. Higher score indicates better verbal fluency.
Time frame: 6 months
Mobility and Balance
Time Up and Go Test will be used. The test measures how long it takes to stand up, walk a distance of 10 feet, turn, walk back, and sit down again. Shorter time indicate better mobility and balance.
Time frame: 6 months
Handgrip strength
To be measured with a hand-held Jamar Hand Dynamometer
Time frame: 6 months
Functional capacity and endurance
Six-Minute-Walk-Test. The longer distance walked indicates better functional capacity and endurance.
Time frame: 6 months
Mental wellbeing
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale is a 14-item measure designed to assess anxiety and depression symptoms. The total score ranges from 0 - 42, with a higher score indicates poorer mental wellbeing.
Time frame: 6 months
Happiness
Subjective Happiness Scale will be used. The four items will be responded on 7-Likert scale. The total is the average score of the 4-items, ranges from 1 - 7. Higher score is more happy.
Time frame: 6 months
Loneliness
De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale will be used. In this 6-item scale, three statements are made about 'emotional loneliness' and three about 'social loneliness'. Total score ranged from 0-6, with a higher score means higher loneliness.
Time frame: 6 months
Frailty status
FRAIL scale with the possible score range from 0 - 5. Higher score refers to higher frailty.
Time frame: 6 months
Body composition - Body weight
Bioelectrical impedance analysis will be used for measuring body composition using the InBody S10, Korea except those with contradictions, such as wearing a pacemaker.
Time frame: 6 months
Body composition - Skeletal muscle mass
Bioelectrical impedance analysis will be used for measuring body composition using the InBody S10, Korea except those with contradictions, such as wearing a pacemaker.
Time frame: 6 months
Body composition - body mass index
Body weight in kg is divided by square of body height
Time frame: 6 months
Body composition - body fat mass
Bioelectrical impedance analysis will be used for measuring body composition using the InBody S10, Korea except those with contradictions, such as wearing a pacemaker.
Time frame: 6 months
Body composition - percent body fat.
InBody S10, Korea except those with contradictions, such as wearing a pacemaker.
Time frame: 6 months