Investigation of the efficacy and safety of an Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplement versus a placebo supplement on plasma triglyceride levels as well as inflammatory, thrombotic, endothelial and platelet activation markers, in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2).
The conflicting results of previous clinical trials regarding the clinical efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids, such as the STRENGTH and REDUCE-IT studies, as well as the published comments for the placebo used in the REDUCE-IT study (mineral oil), highlight the need for additional studies (pharmacodynamic, clinical, and basic research studies). The SEASIDE (Study of the Effect of Eicosapentaenoic acid, EPA, on Markers of Atherothrombosis in Patients with Type-2 Diabetes) is a phase 4 clinical study, aiming to investigate the efficacy of the dietary supplement EPAVasc, consisted of 1,875mg EPA / 125mg Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) / 3.75μg Vitamin D / 12mg tocopherol, in reducing the plasma levels of triglycerides, markers of inflammation, coagulation, and platelet as well as endothelial functionality, in high or very high cardiovascular risk DM-2 patients, as compared with the administration of a placebo dietary supplement (Corn Oil). The safety of administering the above EPA supplementation to these patients will be also investigated. This study is expected to significantly advance the existing knowledge regarding the efficacy of EPA in reducing important cardiovascular risk biomarkers in high or very high cardiovascular risk DM-2 patients.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
450
Atherothrombosis Research Centre / Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Ioannina
Ioannina, Epirus, Greece
The percentage (%) change in plasma levels of triglycerides and markers of inflammation, coagulation, endothelial cell and platelet activation.
The primary composite efficacy endpoint is the percentage (%) change in each participant in plasma levels of triglycerides and markers of inflammation, coagulation, endothelial cell and platelet activation, comparing the placebo supplement and the investigating supplement.
Time frame: 3 months
Number of participants who suffer from bleeding events as defined by the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria during the entire follow-up period.
The Primary safety endpoint is major bleeding according to BARC (Bleeding Academic Research Consortium) criteria.
Time frame: 3 months
The percentage (%) change in plasma levels of triglycerides.
The secondary efficacy endpoint is the (%) change in triglyceride levels of each participant.
Time frame: 3 months
The percentage (%) change in markers of inflammation.
The secondary efficacy endpoint is the (%) change in markers of inflammation, specifically Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) (pg/ml) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) (pg/ml).
Time frame: 3 months
The percentage (%) change in markers of coagulation.
The secondary efficacy endpoint is the (%) change in markers of coagulation specifically Tissue Factor (pg/ml) and Thrombin Time (sec).
Time frame: 3 months
The percentage (%) change in markers of endothelial cell activation.
The secondary efficacy endpoint is the (%) change in markers of endothelial cell activation specifically Monocyte Chemotactic Protein-1 (MCP-1) (pg/ml), Vascular Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 (VCAM-1) (ng/mL) and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) (mIU/ml).
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Time frame: 3 months
The percentage (%) change in markers of platelet activation.
The secondary efficacy endpoint is the (%) change in markers of platelet activation specifically soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) (ng/ml), sCD40L (pg/ml) and Thromboxane A2 (TxA2) (pg/ml).
Time frame: 3 months
Number of participants who suffer from the secondary safety end points which are Atrial fibrillation, Palpitations, Arrhythmias, Heart failure, Pneumonia, Peripheral edema, Diarrhea.
Secondary safety endpoints are Atrial fibrillation, Palpitations, Arrhythmias, Heart failure, Pneumonia, Peripheral edema, Diarrhea.
Time frame: 3 months