Endurance Exercise & Virtual Reality for Optimizing Cortical Excitability and Neuroplasticity in PD

The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio16 enrolled

Overview

This study aims to determine the effects of aerobic exercise as a primer to add-on virtual reality (VR)-based rehabilitation on balance, postural control and neuroplasticity (ability of brain to adapt in structure and function) in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study will utilize two groups - one group will receive the exercise and VR, while the other group will receive stretching exercise and VR over eight weeks. The study team will administer outcomes at baseline, post-intervention (8 weeks) and follow-up (6 weeks after post-assessment).

This study will enroll individuals diagnosed with Parkinson's disease who will be randomly assigned to 2 groups: 1) high intensity endurance exercise and virtual reality (experimental) or 2) stretching and virtual reality (control) for eight weeks (three sessions, thrice weekly). Outcomes will include balance and gait measures, blood-based biomarkers, neuroplasticity measures (assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation), spinal reflex excitability (measured by H reflex) and quality of life.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

NONE

Enrollment

Conditions

Parkinson Disease

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 85 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Diagnosis of idiopathic PD (ages 18 -85) in Hoehn and Yahr stages 2 - 3. 2. Subjects need to demonstrate a score of equal to or greater than 23 on the Mini Mental State Examination. 3. Subjects who have a score of ≤21.5 on the Mini Balance Evaluations Systems Test (miniBESTest). Exclusion Criteria: 1. Subjects with a history of other neurological diseases (i.e., stroke, multiple sclerosis). 2. Subjects with a history of severe cardiopulmonary disease, uncontrolled hypertension, orthostatic hypotension, uncontrolled diabetes, severe osteoporosis, severe arthritis affecting their lower extremity joints. 3. Subjects with a history of PD-specific surgical procedures such as deep brain stimulation etc. 4. Subjects with a history of head injury. 5. Subjects with a history of seizures or epilepsy. 6. Subjects who are currently pregnant. 7. Individuals who use of medications that could alter corticomotor excitability or increase risk of seizure. 8. Individuals with skull abnormalities, fractures or unexplained, recurring headaches.

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Balance

Balance will be tested with the Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test(miniBESTest), involving 14 different tasks including the timed up and go test to assess static and dynamic balance. Scores range from 0 to 28 with higher scores suggesting better balance.