This clinical trial aims to evaluate whether positive psychology interventions via a hybrid approach will enhance well-being and resilience amongst anaesthesiologists in Hong Kong. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is app-based positive psychology intervention effective in improving well-being of physicians? * Is app-based positive psychology intervention feasible amongst busy healthcare professionals? Participants will be randomized to one of the two groups: * Four-week web-based interventions * Control group Researchers will compare the intervention and control groups to see if the participants' benefit from the positive psychology intervention compared with not receiving it.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
54
An app-based, evidence-based positive psychology intervention focusing on two modules: (A) Awareness \& Positivity and (B) Meaning and Accomplishment
An app-based, evidence-based positive psychology intervention focusing on two modules: (C) Rapport \& Conflict Management and (D) Compassion \& Leadership
The Hong Kong College of Anaesthesiologists
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
RECRUITINGSelf-reported well-being
Overall well-being score of the Workplace PERMA-Profiler (Butler \& Kern, 2016). This questionnaire consists of 23 items on a 10-point Likert scale from 0 = not at all to 10 = completely. The scale measures five pillars of well-being: positive emotion (P), engagement (E), relationship (R), meaning (M), and accomplishment (A), along with filler questions measuring negative emotion (N) and health (H). A overall well-being score is calculated to represent the person's well-being.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported burnout
Overall burnout score of Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) (Kristensen, Borritz, Villadsen, \& Christensen, 2005). This questionnaire consists of 19 items on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 = 0% (Never or almost never/To a very low degree) to 5 = 100% (Always/To a very high degree). The scale measures three domain of burnout: personal burnout, work-related burnout, and client-related burnout. A overall burnout score is calculated to represent the person's level of burnout.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported psychological stress
Total stress score of Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) (Cohen et al., 1983). This questionnaire consists of 10 items on a 5-point Likert scale from 0 = Never to 4 = Very Often. The scale has two subscales: perceived helplessness and lack of self-efficacy. A total stress score is calculated to represent the person's level of psychological stress.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported anxiety symptom
Total score of General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) (Spitzer, Kroenke, Williams, \& Löwe, 2006). This questionnaire consists of 7 items on a 4-point Likert scale from 0 = Not at all to 3 = Nearly every day. A total stress score is calculated to represent the person's anxiety symptom severity.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported depression symptom
Total score of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) (Kroenke, Spitzer, \& Williams, 2001). This questionnaire consists of 9 items on a 4-point Likert scale from 0 = Not at all to 3 = Nearly every day. A total stress score is calculated to represent the person's depression symptom severity.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported self-compassion
Self-Compassion Scale - Short Form (SCS-SF) (Raes, Pommier, Neff, \& Van Gucht, 2011). This questionnaire consists of 12 items on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 = Strongly disagree to 5 = Strongly agree. The scale has six subscales: self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification. A total self-compassion score is calculated to represent the person's level of self-compassion.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported work gratitude
Overall gratitude at work score of Work Gratitude Scale (Youssef-Morgan, van Zyl, \& Ahrens, 2022). This questionnaire consists of 10 items on a 7-point Likert scale from 1 = Almost never to 7 = Almost always. The scale measures three components gratitude at work: grateful appraisals, gratitude toward others, and intentional attiude of gratitude. An overall gratitude at work score is calculated to represent the person's gratitude in one's work setting.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
Self-reported work meaning
Meaningful Work score of the Work and Meaning Inventory (Steger, Dik, \& Duffy, 2012). This questionnaire consists of 10 items on a 5-point Likert scale from 1 = Absolutely untrue to 5 = Absolutely true. The scale has six subscales: self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification. A overall Meaningful work score is calculated to represent the depth to which the person experience their work as meaningful, as something they are personally invested in, and which is a source of flourishing in one's life.
Time frame: 4 weeks (Change from baseline to within 7 Days post-intervention)
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