In this study, which aimed to develop a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) protocol enriched with Virtual Reality (VR) to address the psychological responses that arise after ACL surgery, and to examine the effectiveness of this protocol. The effectiveness of the protocol was assessed using pre-test, post-test, and two follow-up measurements with the Re-Injury Anxiety Inventory (RIAI), the Sport Injury Rehabilitation Adherence Scale (SIRAS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), the Athletic Injury Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AISEQ), the Return to Sport After Serious Injury Questionnaire (RSSIQ), and the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport Scale (ACL-RSI). Anxiety levels during VR exposure sessions were measured through biofeedback and the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS).
In this study, which aimed to develop a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) protocol enriched with Virtual Reality (VR) to address the psychological responses that arise after ACL surgery, and to examine the effectiveness of this protocol. The protocol was developed in 5 stages and a randomized controlled trial was conducted with 60 athletes to test its effectiveness. The study consisted of 3 experimental and 2 control groups. One of the control group was a plasebo control group.The effectiveness of the protocol was assessed using pre-test, post-test, and follow-up measurements with the Re-Injury Anxiety Inventory (RIAI), the Sport Injury Rehabilitation Adherence Scale (SIRAS), the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), the Athletic Injury Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AISEQ), the Return to Sport After Serious Injury Questionnaire (RSSIQ), and the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport Scale (ACL-RSI). Anxiety levels during VR exposure sessions were measured through biofeedback and the Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDS).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
60
The investigators are testing whether this intervention protocol is effective on re-injury anxiety, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and adherence problems in athletes who have undergone ACL surgery.
The investigators are testing whether the placebo control protocol is effective on re-injury anxiety, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and adherence problems in athletes who have undergone ACL surgery.
The investigators are testing whether this intervention protocol is effective on re-injury anxiety, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and adherence problems in athletes who have undergone ACL surgery.
The investigators are testing whether this intervention protocol is effective on re-injury anxiety, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and adherence problems in athletes who have undergone ACL surgery.
Hacettepe University
Ankara, Turkey (Türkiye)
Re-Injury Anxiety Inventory (RIAI)
This scale measures re-injury anxiety
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Sport Injury Rehabilitation Adherence Scale (SIRAS)
This scale measures rehabilitation adherence
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Athletic Injury Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (AISEQ)
This scale measures Self-Efficacy
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
This scale measures kinesiophobia
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Return to Sport After Serious Injury Questionnaire (RSSIQ)
This scale was used to assess whether athletes were psychologically ready to return to sport.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport Scale (ACL-RSI)
This scale was used to assess whether athletes were psychologically ready to return to sport from ACL surgery.
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 1 year
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