The goal of this observational study is to determine whether the frequency of ejaculation in men had an effect on semen parameters.. The main questions it aims to answer are: * question 1：Whether the frequency of ejaculation has an effect on semen parameters * question 2：Whether the penultimate abstinence period has an effect on semen parameters The participants were men who underwent semen examination in the andrology clinic of the Reproductive Center of the First Hospital of Jilin University. A brief medical history was collected from each volunteer, including demographic information, fertility history and as well as information regarding their general health.The focus of the investigation is the time of abstinence for this examination, the penultimate abstinence period, and the number of ejaculation since the last 1 month.
The main subjects of this study were husbands who underwent semen examination, Including pre-conception, infertility, and his wife with a history of pregnancy loss. Before the examination, the basic information such as age, height, weight, smoking, drinking, infertility years, fertility and pregnancy history, marriage years, education, occupation and exclusion criteria have adverse effects on sperm were investigated.The focus of the investigation is the time of abstinence for this examination, the penultimate abstinence period, and the number of ejaculation since the last 1 month. According to World Health Organization standards, semen analysis requires abstinence for 48h to 7 days. Semen parameters were recorded, including sperm DNA fragmentation rate, sperm motility rate, total sperm count, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. The frequency of ejaculation was divided into four groups:(1)0-4 times/month;(2)5-8 times/month;(3) 8-12 times/month;(4) \>12 times/month.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1,500
the first hospital of Jilin University
Changchun, Jilin, China
RECRUITINGEffect of ejaculation frequency on sperm DNA fragmentation rate
The subjects abstained for 3-7 days and masturbated to collect semen for measurement of sperm DNA fragment rate. Survey the basic information of the subjects and their frequency of ejaculation in the past month.The frequency of ejaculation was divided into four groups:(1) 0-4 times/month; (2) 5-8 times/month; (3) 8-12 times/month; (4) \>12 times/month. The outcome was to compare whether there were differences in semen parameters between the groups
Time frame: 6 months
Effect of ejaculation frequency on sperm motility rate
The subjects abstained for 3-7 days and masturbated to collect semen for measurement of sperm motility rate. Survey the basic information of the subjects and their frequency of ejaculation in the past month. The frequency of ejaculation was divided into four groups:(1) 0-4 times/month; (2) 5-8 times/month; (3) 8-12 times/month; (4) \>12 times/month. The outcome was to compare whether there were differences in semen parameters between the groups
Time frame: 6 months
Effect of ejaculation frequency on total sperm count
The subjects abstained for 3-7 days and masturbated to collect semen for measurement of total sperm count. Survey the basic information of the subjects and their frequency of ejaculation in the past month. The frequency of ejaculation was divided into four groups:(1) 0-4 times/month; (2) 5-8 times/month; (3) 8-12 times/month; (4) \>12 times/month. The outcome was to compare whether there were differences in semen parameters between the groups
Time frame: 6 months
Effect of ejaculation frequency on sperm vitality rate
The subjects abstained for 3-7 days and masturbated to collect semen for measurement of sperm vitality rate. Survey the basic information of the subjects and their frequency of ejaculation in the past month. The frequency of ejaculation was divided into four groups:(1) 0-4 times/month; (2) 5-8 times/month; (3) 8-12 times/month; (4) \>12 times/month. The outcome was to compare whether there were differences in semen parameters between the groups
Time frame: 6 months
Effect of ejaculation frequency on sperm morphology
The subjects abstained for 3-7 days and masturbated to collect semen for measurement of sperm morphology. Survey the basic information of the subjects and their frequency of ejaculation in the past month. The frequency of ejaculation was divided into four groups:(1) 0-4 times/month; (2) 5-8 times/month; (3) 8-12 times/month; (4) \>12 times/month. The outcome was to compare whether there were differences in semen parameters between the groups
Time frame: 6 months
Effect of the penultimate abstinence period on DNA fragmentation rate
The subjects abstained for 3-7 days and masturbated to collect semen for measurement of sperm morphology. Survey the basic information of the subjects and their penultimate abstinence period. The outcome was to compare whether the penultimate abstinence period had an effect on DNA fragmentation rate（the cutoff value is 15%). We plans to recruit more than 1000 subjects.
Time frame: 6 months
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