The purpose of this project is to increase access to diabetes care and education for adults aged 40-64 years old who are diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and are unable to attend education and support classes due to their work situation. This project will use an established, well-known program for Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support (DSMES) and combine it with Tai Chi Easy (TCE)™ to enhance physical health, psychological health, and health behaviors. Participants will be asked to attend 45 minutes of DSMES and 45 min of TCE twice a week for 6 weeks. All classes will be recorded and available online and can viewed at a time when it is most convenient to accommodate working adults. Participants will be asked to complete survey questionnaires online, at the beginning and end of the program; and have a smart phone to connect with a smart ring during the 6-week DSMES+TCE program. After the program is done, participants will be asked to return the smart ring. Upon receipt of the smart ring, they will receive a give a gift card to thank them for their participation in the program.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
SUPPORTIVE_CARE
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
28
Participants will be asked to attend 45 minutes of DSMES and 45 min of TCE twice a week for 6 weeks. All classes will be recorded and available online and can viewed at a time when it is most convenient to accommodate working adults.
University of Arizona College of Nursing
Tucson, Arizona, United States
Study Feasibility: Recruitment
the proportion of respondents who remained interested in the study after information and screening. Goal: recruit 10 participants per month for 3 months.
Time frame: screening pre-intervention
Study Feasibility: Retention
number of participants that completed all aspects of the study (data collection pre-post intervention and study intervention) Goal: 80% study retention
Time frame: pre and post intervention at 6-weeks
Study Feasibility: Intervention acceptability
The Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM) is brief and contains 4-items using a 5-point Likert scale (possible scores 4-20), with higher scores indicating greater acceptability of the intervention. Adequate reliability and validity have been reported. Benchmark: at least 75% intervention acceptability, across sites.
Time frame: post-intervention at 6-weeks
Study Feasibility: Intervention feasibility
The Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM) is brief and contains 4-items using a 5-point Likert scale (possible scores 4-20), with higher scores indicating greater feasibility of the intervention. Adequate reliability and validity have been reported. Benchmark: at least 75% intervention feasibility, across sites.
Time frame: post-intervention at 6-weeks
Study Feasibility: Intervention appropriateness
The Intervention Appropriateness Measure (IAM) is brief and contains 4-items using a 5-point Likert scale (possible scores 4-20), with higher scores indicating greater appropriateness of the intervention. Adequate reliability and validity have been reported. Benchmark: at least 75% intervention appropriateness, across sites.
Time frame: post-intervention at 6-weeks
Study Feasibility: Intervention safety
number of adverse events during the intervention. Goal: no safety issues or adverse events
Time frame: during the 6-week intervention
self-reported physical health: Weight
body weight in pounds
Time frame: pre-intervention (self-report)
self-reported physical health: Height
body height in inches
Time frame: pre-intervention (self-report)
self-reported physical health: Waist Circumference
waist circumference in inches
Time frame: pre-intervention (self-report)
self-reported physical health: Blood Pressure
blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mm/Hg)
Time frame: pre-intervention (self-report)
self-reported physical health: Blood Sugar
blood sugar in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
Time frame: pre-intervention (self-report)
self-reported physical health: Hemoglobin A1C
percentage of hemoglobin in blood that is coated with glucose
Time frame: pre-intervention (self-report)
perceived psychological health: Diabetes Distress Scale
The Diabetes Distress Scale (DSS-17) is a widely used, self-administered scale. The DDS-17 contains 17 items and asks a person about living with diabetes, using a six-point Likert format (1=not a problem, 6=a very serious problem). The DDS-17 contains questions related to emotional burden, physician distress, regimen distress and interpersonal distress. Possible scores range from 17 to 102, with higher scores indicating greater diabetes distress.
Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
perceived psychological health: Patient Health Questionnaire-9
The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) is a widely used, self-administered scale to screen for depressive symptoms. The PHQ-9 contains 9 items that ask a person about problems that have been bothering them during the past 2 weeks, using a four-point Likert format (0=not at all, 3=nearly every day). Possible scores range from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating greater severity of depressive symptoms.
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Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
perceived psychological health: Posttraumatic Stress Scale-Civilian Version
The Posttraumatic Stress Scale-Civilian Version (PCL-C) is a self-administered scale that asks a person about problems or stressful life experiences during the past month. The PCL-C contains 17 items using a five-point Likert format (1=not at all, 5=extremely). Possible scores range from 17 to 85, with higher scores indicating greater symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress.
Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
perceived psychological health: Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire
The Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) is a self-administered scale that asks a person about their diabetes-related satisfaction, impact and worry. The DQOL contains 64 items using a using a five-point Likert format (satisfaction 1=very satisfied, 5=very dissatisfied; impact 1= no impact, 5=always impacted; worry 1=never worried, 5=always worried). Possible scores range from 64 to 320, with higher scores indicating worse quality of life.
Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
perceived psychological health: Perceived Stress Scale
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a widely used, self-administered scale. The PSS-10 contains 10 items and asks a person about situations they may have experienced in the past month as being unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded using a five-point Likert format (0=never, 4=very often). Possible scores range from 0 to 40, with higher scores indicating greater perceived stress.
Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
health behaviors: Dietary Screener Questionnaire
The Dietary Screener Questionnaire (DSQ) is a 26-item self-administered scale that asks about the frequency of consumption of selected foods and drinks in the past month. The DSQ captures intakes of fruits and vegetables, dairy/calcium, added sugars, whole grains/fiber, red meat, and processed meat. The DSQ uses a scoring algorithm to convert responses to estimates of dietary intake for fruits and vegetables (cup equivalents), dairy (cup equivalents), added sugars (tsp), whole grains (ounce equivalents), fiber (g), and calcium (mg). Responses to the red meat and processed meat questions are as qualitative indicators of intake frequency, but no scoring algorithms were developed for those particular dietary factors.
Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
health behaviors: Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity
The Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) questionnaire is a widely used, self-administered scale to assess a person's engagement in physical activity during the week. The RAPA contains 9 yes/no questions. The first 7 questions assess weekly physical activity during free time (RAPA 1). Affirmative responses are reviewed to determine the person's level of physical activity during the week (1=sedentary, 7=active). Possible scores range from 1 to 7, with higher scores indicating greater the level and intensity of the physical activity. The last two questions include strength training and flexibility items (RAPA 2), which are scored separately (0=none, 1=strength training, 2=flexibility, 3=both). Possible scores range from 0 to 3, which indicate if the person is engaging in strength and flexibility exercise during the week.
Time frame: pre and post-intervention at 6-weeks
Objective measures using an Oura Ring: Sleep
Daily total sleep in hours and minutes
Time frame: during the 6-week intervention
Objective measures using an Oura Ring: Physical Activity
Daily total physical activity in number of steps
Time frame: during the 6-week intervention
Objective measures using an Oura Ring: Heart Rate Variability
Daily average heart rate variability during the night in milliseconds
Time frame: during the 6-week intervention