Is the Degree of Perceived Effort During Resistance Exercise Important for Improvements in Blood Glucose

N/AActive Not RecruitingNCT06208189

University of New Mexico15 enrolled

Overview

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the degree of effort during a resistance exercise session on blood glucose levels in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus need to perform resistance exercise with a high degree of effort for their blood glucose to improve? * How do they feel (their enjoyment, discomfort) after the sessions with different degrees of effort? Participants will perform 3 situations separated by at least 4 days, after being familiarized with all exercises and procedures: * One control day, when they will not exercise; * A high-effort resistance exercise session; * A low-effort resistance exercise session Researchers will measure blood glucose levels and psychological responses after these situations to see if the effort was important for the improvement of their blood glucose and how effort affected the way they felt after each situation.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

SINGLE

Enrollment

Conditions

PreDiabetes Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Interventions

High-effort sessionBEHAVIORAL

Participants will perform 3 sets per exercise (total of 21 sets) with as many repetitions they can each set. We anticipate participants will perform \~10 repetitions per set in this session, with a total tempo of \~2.5 seconds per rep, averaging \~25 seconds per set. Resting period between exercises and sets will be 120 seconds. This will lead to a total session time of \~50 min. Their glycemic control will be evaluated during the following \~48 hours.

Low-effort sessionBEHAVIORAL

Participants will perform 6 sets per exercise (total of 42 sets) but perform half of the anticipated number of repetitions of the HIGH session (i.e., 5 reps). Repetition tempo at \~2.5 seconds will result in \~12.5 seconds per set. Resting period between exercises and sets will be 60 seconds. This prescription will also lead to a total session time of \~50 min. Thus, both the HIGH and LOW session will have similar total volume-load and session density, but differ in perceived effort after each set. Their glycemic control will be evaluated during the following \~48 hours.

ControlBEHAVIORAL

The control session all procedures will be identical to the HIGH session, with the exception of performing the resistance exercises. However, to simulate all other procedures participants will follow all instructions, be positioned on the equipment for the same amount of time as the HIGH session, but will not perform any repetition. Interval between fake sets and exercises will be 120 seconds. Their glycemic control will be evaluated during the following \~48 hours.

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 75 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * age between 18 and 75 years; * presence of prediabetes (fasting glycemia between 100 and 125 mg/dL or glycated hemoglobin \[A1c\] between 5.7 and 6.4%) or T2DM (fasting glycemia 126 mg/dL or above or A1c 6.5% or above). Exclusion Criteria: * renal failure, * liver disease, * uncontrolled hypertension (equal or greater than 160 mmHg systolic and/or equal or greater than 100 mmHg diastolic), * history of severe cardiovascular problems, * in case of oral hypoglycemic drugs usage, being on them for less than 6 months, * inability to perform resistance exercise, * being pregnant or trying to become pregnant during the course of the study, * use of oral contraceptives, * prisoners, * persons requiring a legally authorized representative, * non-English speakers.

Locations (1)

UNM Exercise Physiology Lab

Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Glucose concentration

Average glucose concentration (measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood, with a continuous glucose monitoring device)

Time frame: For 48 hours during each situation (arm) of the study

Glucose concentration

Average glucose concentration (measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood, with a continuous glucose monitoring device)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the morning (6 am - 12 pm) of each situation (arm) of the study

Glucose concentration

Average glucose concentration (measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood, with a continuous glucose monitoring device)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the afternoon (12 pm - 6 pm) of each situation (arm) of the study

Glucose concentration

Average glucose concentration (measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood, with a continuous glucose monitoring device)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the evening (6 pm - 12 am) of each situation (arm) of the study

Glucose concentration

Average glucose concentration (measured in milligrams per deciliter of blood, with a continuous glucose monitoring device)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the nocturnal period (12 am - 6 am) of each situation (arm) of the study

Time in range

Time of glucose concentration between 70 and 180 mg/dL (measured in minutes)

Time frame: For 48 hours during each situation (arm) of the study

Time in range

Time of glucose concentration between 70 and 180 mg/dL (measured in minutes)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the morning (6 am - 12 pm) of each situation (arm) of the study

Time in range

Time of glucose concentration between 70 and 180 mg/dL (measured in minutes)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the afternoon (12 pm - 6 pm) of each situation (arm) of the study

Time in range

Time of glucose concentration between 70 and 180 mg/dL (measured in minutes)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the evening (6 pm - 12 am) of each situation (arm) of the study

Time in range

Time of glucose concentration between 70 and 180 mg/dL (measured in minutes)

Time frame: For 6 hours during the nocturnal period (12 am - 6 am) of each situation (arm) of the study

Prevalence of hyperglycemia