The trial is designed as a randomised, controlled, open, parallel group, multi-centre phase II trial to evaluate clinical efficacy of selinexor in combination with cyclophosphamide and prednisone.
The trial is designed as a randomised, controlled, open, parallel group, multi-centre phase II trial to evaluate clinical efficacy of selinexor in combination with cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Selinexor is the first-in-class selective inhibitor of nuclear export (SINE). Selinexor forms slowly reversible adducts with the substrate binding pocket of Exportin and has been demonstrated to lead to effective cell kill by causing accumulation pro-apoptotic proteins in the nucleus of myeloma cells. To maximise response to this novel drug in a relapsed-refractory setting, Selinexor will be combined with low-dose cyclophosphamide and prednisone. Lower, continuous doses of cyclophosphamide and intermittent doses of prednisone have been chosen to limit toxicity for the triplet regimen in the elderly myeloma patient population. A calibration group will receive cyclophosphamide plus prednisone alone, and will be used to evaluate the validity of the outcome in the experimental group. Participants will be randomised on a 3:1 basis to receive either selinexor + cyclophosphamide + prednisone (SCP) or cyclophosphamide + prednisone (CP). A maximum of 60 participants will be recruited (45 participants in the SCP arm, and 15 participants in the CP arm). Participants who experience disease progression on the CP arm, may receive SCP, once progression has been confirmed by the CTRU and the participant has been deemed eligible to receive SCP. Patients randomised to SCP have no further trial treatment stipulated following SCP therapy. The analysis of the treatment switch phase of the trial is exploratory. Participants will be recruited from approximately 10 NHS Hospitals throughout the UK.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
66
Selinexor is a Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound that binds and inactivates Exportin 1 (XPO1), thereby forcing the nuclear retention of key tumour suppressor proteins (TSPs). Selinexor is an oral, first-in-class, potent, slowly reversible, covalent-binding Selective Inhibitor of Nuclear Export (SINE) compound that specifically blocks the karyopherin protein Exportin 1 (XPO1), also called chromosome region maintenance 1.
Cyclophosphamide is a long used conventional chemotherapy with potent anti-myeloma activity and low toxicity when administered at low doses as in the current protocol (Hajek et al. (2016)). It is being extensively used in combination with novel agents, including bortezomib, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide, and provides a cost-effective and well-tolerated alternative as a combination partner (Morgan et al. (2007); Mai et al. (2015); Baz et al. (2016)).
Birmingham Heartlands Hospital
Birmingham, United Kingdom
Royal Bournemouth Hospital
Bournemouth, United Kingdom
Leicester Royal Infirmary
Leicester, United Kingdom
Progression free survival at 6 months
To determine whether the addition of selinexor to cyclophosphamide and prednisone may lead to an increased progression free survival
Time frame: 6 months
Number of SAEs, SARs, SUSARs
Safety will be reported based on the number of safety events seen
Time frame: 3 1/2 years
Progression free survival
Progression-free survival is defined as the time from randomisation to first documented evidence of disease progression or death. Participants who have not progressed at the time of analysis will be censored at the last date they were known to be alive and progression-free.
Time frame: 6 and 12 months
Maximum response
Response to treatment is assessed as per the Modified IWG Uniform Response Criteria given in Appendix 1. Maximum response is defined as the proportion of participants achieving each of the response categories sCR, CR, VGPR, PR, MR or SD as their maximum response to treatment. Participants who do not have at least one post-baseline response assessment will be excluded from the analysis of this endpoint.
Time frame: 6 and 12 months
Time to maximum response
Time to maximum response is defined as the time from randomisation until the participant achieves any of the categories sCR, CR, VGPR, PR, MR or SD as their maximum response. Participants who do not achieve a maximum response will either be classed as having had a competing risk or censored at the time of disease progression or death, whichever is earlier
Time frame: 6 and 12 months
Duration of response
Response duration is defined as the time from the first observation of at least PR until disease progression. Participants who die due to causes other than progression will be censored at the time of death. Participants who, at the time of analysis, have not progressed, will be censored at the date last known to be alive and progression-free. Participants not achieving at least a PR are not included in this analysis.
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
Steroids have been a very effective backbone for every myeloma combination therapy developed so far. Prednisone is the standard steroid in a number of widely used regimens (Mateos et al. (2010);Palumbo et al. (2006)). Decreasing the morbidity associated with high dose steroid use by using better-tolerated regimens addresses a large unmet need of the myeloma patient population.
Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Liverpool, United Kingdom
St Bartholomew Hospital
London, United Kingdom
Guys and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust
London, United Kingdom
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
London, United Kingdom
Royal Marsden Hospital
London, United Kingdom
James Cook University Hospital
Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital
Sheffield, United Kingdom
...and 3 more locations
Time frame: 6 and 12 months
Compliance to therapy
Compliance to therapy will be summarised by mean dose, number of doses missed and number of dose reductions and delays throughout the treatment period. The reasons for missed and dose modifications will also be summarised.
Time frame: 6 months
Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE 4.0 (time frame: 3 ½ years)
Toxicity analyses will summarise by trial arm and show the proportion of participants experiencing each grade of toxicity overall, and during each treatment cycle. For more detailed summaries, this information will also be broken down into the different types of toxicity.
Time frame: 3 1/2 years