The UPbeating GReek Application of DancE in Parkinson's Disease Clinical Trial

Change in total score of Parkinson Fatigue Scale-16 (PFS-16)

Minimum score 1, Maximum score 5. A higher score indicates more fatigue.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in total score of Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS)

Minimum score 0, Maximum score 84. A higher score indicates more fatigue.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in total score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)

Minimum score 0, Maximum score 30. Lower scores indicate cognitive impairment.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in total score of Berg Balance Scale (BBS)

Minimum score 0, Maximum score 56. Lower scores indicate worse balance.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in Depression Score of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21)

Normal score 0-9, Mild score: 10-12, Moderate score: 13-20, Severe score: 21-27, and Extremely severe: 28-42

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in Anxiety Score of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21)

Normal score 0-6, Mild score: 7-9, Moderate score: 10-14, Severe score: 15-19, and Extremely severe: 20-42

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in Stress Score of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21)

Normal score 0-10, Mild score: 11-18, Moderate score: 19-26, Severe score: 27-34, and Extremely severe: 35-42

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in Patient Outcomes using the Movement Disorder Specialist - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS)

MDS-UPDRS has 4 parts. Part I assesses non-motor experiences of daily living (13 items, score range: 0-52), part II assesses motor experiences of daily living (13 items, score range: 0-52), part III assesses motor signs (33 items, score range: 0-132), and part IV assesses motor complications, dyskinesias and motor fluctuations (6 items, score range: 0-24). Each item score ranges from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe) and higher scores indicate a greater impact of Parkinson's disease signs.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in total score of SARC-F Scale

SARC-F is a self-reporting screening tool for the assess of the sarcopenia risk and comprises five components: strength, assistance walking, rise from a chair, climb stairs, and number of falls (score range: 0-2 for each component, and 0-10 in total. Healthy status score range: 0-3, risk of sarcopenia score: ≥4).

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in Sarcopenia status using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria

According to EWGSOP2, sarcopenia is (a) probable to an individual with low muscle strength (hand grip strength for men: \<27 kg, and women: \<16 kg), (b) confirmed to an individual with the above criteria plus low muscle quantity (appendicular skeletal muscle mass index for men: \<7 kg/m\^2, and women: \<5,5 kg/m\^2), and (c) severe to an individual with the two above criteria plus low physical performance (4-m usual walking speed test ≤0.8 m/s). Hand grip strength will be assessed by a calibrated digital handheld dynamometer, appendicular muscle mass index by a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) equipment, and physical performance by the 4-min usual walking speed test.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Change in Body Mass Index

A score from the equation kg/m\^2. Lower scores than 18,5 indicate underweight, scores of 18,5-24,9 indicate normal weight, scores of 25-29,9 indicate overweight and scores equal or over 30 indicate obesity. Within the obesity category 3 subcategories exist: Class I scores of 30-34, Class II scores of 35-39, and Class III scores of ≥40.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Changes in Frailty Phenotype (FP) status

According to the Fried FP, 5 criteria have to be assessed: unintentional weight loss \>5 kg the last year, weakness (handgrip strength for men: \<27 kg, and women: \<16 kg), slow walking speed (10-m usual walking speed test ≤0.8 m/s), exhaustion (PFS-16 total score ≥3, which indicates moderate-to-severe fatigue), and low levels of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form/IPAQ-SF total score \<600 MET-min-week\^-1, which indicates inactivity). The FP score ranges from 0 to 5 (1 point for each criteria; 0: best score to 5: worst score). As frail defined an individual with a score of ≥3, as pre-frail an individual with a score of 1-2, and as non-frail or robust an individual with a score 0.

Time frame: Baseline, 10 weeks, 19 weeks, 28 weeks, 37 weeks, and 46 weeks.

Registration of Music Preferences via Music Preferences Scale of Gardikiotis & Baltzis

Music Preferences scale of Gardikiotis \& Baltzis is a 6-point Likert scale (0: i don't know it, 1: i don't like it at all to 5: i like it very much) of 24 items (each item includes a different music genre) and evaluates the individual's level of preference to a variety of Greek and non-Greek music.

Time frame: Baseline (week 1)