Pharmacologic stress ulcer prophylaxis is routinely used in the intensive care unit (ICU) to prevent upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in critically ill patients.
Historically, the two independent risk factors for stress-related GI bleeds were coagulopathy and mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours; however, several additional risk factors have been identified, such as shock, multiple organ failure, traumatic brain injury, and major burns. Acid suppressive medications such as proton pump inhibitors or histamine-2 receptor antagonists are prescribed to reduce the rate of bleeding from stress ulceration despite a lack of benefit from placebo-controlled trials. In addition to lack of proven benefit, the incidence of clinically significant stress-related GI bleeding has decreased over time, likely due to improvements in critical care and earlier enteral feeding.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
120
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a pharmacist-driven protocol to discontinue stress ulcer prophylaxis in ICU patients when it is no longer indicated according to pre-defined criteria. To compare the incidence of overt GI bleeds (defined as hematemesis, bloody nasogastric tube aspirate, or melena) between patients who were on stress ulcer prophylaxis versus patients whose acid suppression therapy was discontinued through the stress ulcer prophylaxis minimization protocol.
Methodist Richardson Medical Center
Richardson, Texas, United States
compare the incidence of overt GI bleeds
To compare the incidence of overt GI bleeds (defined as hematemesis, bloody nasogastric tube aspirate, or melena) between patients who were on stress ulcer prophylaxis versus patients whose acid suppression therapy was discontinued through the stress ulcer prophylaxis minimization protocol.
Time frame: 24 hours
Identify the acid suppressive therapy reorder rate
To Identify the acid suppressive therapy reorder frequency
Time frame: 24 hours
Number of doses avoided
Number of acid suppressive therapy doses avoided
Time frame: 24 hours
Incidences of hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP)
Number of HAP cases occurring
Time frame: 24 hours
Incidences of C.Difficile infection
Number of cases of C.Difficile infections occurring
Time frame: 24 hours
ICU length of stay
The time frame of ICU stay
Time frame: 24 hours
incidence of ICU delirium
number of cases with ICU Delirium
Time frame: 24 hours
type of pharmacologic agent used
Different types of medications used
Time frame: 24 hours
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number of patients with clinically important GI bleeding
Bleeding defined as overt GI bleeding plus one or more of the following within 24 hours such as decrease in systolic pressure, mean arterial pressure or diastolic pressure, orthostatic hypotension or postural tachycardia , drop in hemoglobin, received transfusions of packed red blood cells or need for vasopressors or invasive interventions like endoscopy.
Time frame: 24 hours
number of discharge prescriptions for acid suppressive therapy
number of patients getting discharged with acid suppressive therapy
Time frame: 24 hours