This study aims to assess the effect of mobile health (mHealth) support or financial incentives and their interactive intervention effect on smoking cessation (SC) in old smokers in Hong Kong (HK).
Low-income older smokers are disproportionally harmed by tobacco use and the evidence of effectiveness of smoking cessation (SC) intervention for this deprived group is scarce. Leveraging evidence of effectiveness of mHealth support and financial incentives in other adults, the investigators propose a scalable mHealth and/or financial incentives model using age-friendly components for the deprived older smokers. The 2x2 factorial design consists of 2 interventions, including (1) smartphone mHealth support by scheduled age-friendly multimedia e-messages and real-time personalized behavioral supports for 3 months, and (2) an escalating incentive scheme for smoking abstinence: HK$500 for using any SC services within 6 months, and HK$1000, 1500 and 2000 for biochemically validated abstinence at 3-, 6- and 12-month, respectively. The study aims to assess the effectiveness of two interventions and their interactive intervention effect.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
1,200
1. Brief smoking cessation advice 2. Health warning leaflet 3. Smoking cessation information booklet 4. Referral card 5. E-messages on SC-related information and details on community SC services for 3 months 6. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy based real-time Chat-based support for 3 months
1. Brief smoking cessation advice 2. Health warning leaflet 3. Smoking cessation information booklet 4. Referral card 5. An escalating incentive scheme for smoking abstinence: HK$500 for using any SC services within 6 months, and HK$1000, 1500 and 2000 for biochemically validated abstinence at 3-, 6- and 12-month, respectively.
1. Brief smoking cessation advice 2. Health warning leaflet 3. Smoking cessation information booklet 4. Referral card 5. E-messages on SC-related information and details on community SC services for 3 months 6. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy based real-time Chat-based support for 3 months 7. An escalating incentive scheme for smoking abstinence: HK$500 for using any SC services within 6 months, and HK$1000, 1500 and 2000 for biochemically validated abstinence at 3-, 6- and 12-month, respectively.
School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong
Hong Kong, Hong Kong
The biochemically validated smoking abstinence
Smoking abstinence is defined by exhaled CO \< 4 ppm and salivary cotinine \<30 ng/ml
Time frame: the 6-month follow-ups
The biochemically validated smoking abstinence
Smoking abstinence is defined by exhaled CO \< 4 ppm and salivary cotinine \<30 ng/ml
Time frame: the 3- and 12-month follow-ups
Self-reported 7-day point-prevalence abstinence
Smokers who did not smoke even a puff in the 7 days preceding the follow-up
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
Self-reported smoking change
Self-reported change in number of cigarettes smoked daily of at least less 50% of the baseline number
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
Self-reported self-efficacy of quitting
Self-reported self-efficacy of quitting includes the perception of quitting importance, difficulty and confidence, assessing by an item scaled with 0-10, respectively. The score of zero refers to very unimportant, very easy, or very unconfident. The score of 10 refers to very important, very difficult or very confident, respectively. Higher score refers to higher perception of quitting importance, difficulty and confidence.
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
Self-reported quit attempts
Self-reported quit attempt
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
Nicotine dependence level
Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.
1. Brief smoking cessation advice 2. Health warning leaflet 3. Smoking cessation information booklet 4. Referral card 5. E-messages on SC-related information and details on community SC services for 3 months for those without abstinence at 12-month follow-up after follow-ups ending 6. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy based rear-time Chat-based support for 3 months for those without abstinence at 12-month follow-up after follow-ups ending
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
Smoking cessation services use
Using the smoking cessation service from hospitals or government in Hong Kong
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups
Self-reported intention to quit
self-reported intention to quit in next days
Time frame: 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups