The goal of this clinical trial is to compare different strategies for normothermia prevention in patients undergoing body contouring and other Aesthetic Plastic Surgery procedures. The main question(s) it aims to answer are: * Do active measures have an impact on preventing hypothermia in patients undergoing cosmetic procedures? * Does an active normothermia prevention protocol have any impact in the clinical setting? Four different protocols will be used for patient peroperative preparation for normothermia.
Participants will receive either of four different protocols for normothermia: Group 1 (Control) involved patients with standard temperature management according to regular institutional protocol, without preoperative or intraoperative thermal protection measures. Group 2 (Passive thermal protection measures) had patients who underwent one-hour preoperative warming with hot air at 38°C (100.4°F), the operating room (OR) temperature was maintained at a minimum of 21°C (69.8°F), aseptic/antiseptic solutions along with infiltration fluid were all warmed to 38°C (100.4°F), and surgical fields were kept as dry as possible. In Group 3 (Active thermal protection measures), patients received the same measures as Group 2, adding continuous intraoperative temperature protection, using a thermal convection blanket by water flow (Blanketrol®) at 40°C (104°F). Group 4 (active thermal protection measures) included patients with the same measures as Group 2, adding permanent intraoperative thermal protection measures with conductive fabric electric warming device (HotDog®) at 40°C (104°F).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
DOUBLE
Enrollment
197
Standard temperature management. Patients underwent one-hour pre- and post-operative warming with hot-air warming blankets at 38°C, without any other preoperative or intraoperative thermal protection measure.
Passive Measures: Patients underwent one-hour preoperative warming with hot air warming blankets at 38°C (100.4°F), operating room (OR) temperature was maintained at a minimum of 21°C (69.8°F), aseptic/antiseptic solutions along with infiltration fluid were all warmed to 38°C (100.4°F), and surgical fields were kept as dry as possible.
Blanketrol: Patients underwent continuous intra-operative temperature protection, using a thermal convection blanket by water flow (Blanketrol®) at 40°C (104°F).
HotDog: Patients underwent permanent intra-operative thermal protection measures with conductive fabric electric warming device (HotDog®) at 40°C (104°F).
Dhara clinic
Bogotá, Colombia
Hypothermia prevention
Measure the body temperature throughout the procedure
Time frame: Before induction, Immediately after intubation, at the end of surgery (inside the OR), Upon arrival to the recovery room, before discharge.
Pain intensity
Visual analogue scale rating
Time frame: Intensity of pain (measured in VAS scale) at the awakening at the recovery room and just before discharge.
Chills
Yes or NO
Time frame: Immediately at awakening at the recovery room.
Shivering
Yes or NO
Time frame: Immediately at awakening at the recovery room.
Recovery Period
Time from Operating Room to discharge from the recovery room.
Time frame: Time interval, measured in minutes and hours, commencing from the patient's admittance into the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) until their subsequent discharge.
Analgesic requirements
Measure the amount of analgesic required for pain control
Time frame: Number of doses of pain medication required during the patient's recovery period at the PACU, between 1-8 hours after surgery.
Cost-effectiveness of each intervention
Analysis of overall costs and effects on patient recovery among the different groups.
Time frame: Throughout the study completion, about 1 week.
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