As alternative flame retardants (FRs), novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are ubiquitous in environment and may cause endocrine disruption effects. The associations between traditional endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and type 2 diabetes have been extensively reported in epidemiological studies. To date, however, human-based evidence on the effects of NBFRs and OPFRs is lacking. The investigators conducted a case-control study of 344 participants aged 25-80 years from Shandong Province, East China, to assess potential associations between serum NBFR and OPFR concentrations and etiology of type 2 diabetes for the first time.
In this study, the investigators conducted a case-control study in Shandong Province, East China, to evaluate the associations between serum NBFR and OPFR and risk of type 2 diabetes. The aims of the present study were to (1) evaluate the associations between alternative FRs in human serum and the risk of type 2 diabetes, (2) assess the relationships between alternative FR concentrations and fasting plasma glucose (FPG), (3) investigate the correlations between alternative FRs and concentrations of lipid fractions, including TG, TC, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and (4) clarify the joint effects of NBFR and OPFR mixtures on the risk of type 2 diabetes
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
340
no intervention
The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University
Jinan, Shandong, China
RECRUITINGalternative FRs
Determination of FRs was performed by a gas chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS, TQ-8050NX, Shimadzu, Japan) equipped with an electron ionization (EI+) ion source.
Time frame: 2022.1-2024.12
levels of FPG
Detecting blood sugar using a biochemical analyzer
Time frame: 2022.1-2024.12
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