Bail-Out Stenting and Target-vessel Failure After Drug Coated Balloon Coronary percutaneouS Angioplasty for de Novo Lesions

Overview

The goal of this observational retrospective and prospective multicentric trial is to learn about the impact of bail-out stenting (BOS) after drug coated balloon (DCB) percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PCI) in de novo coronary stenosis.The main question to answer is: \- if BOS PCI leads to an higher rate of 1-year target vessel failure that DCB-only PCI. Participants will receive DCB PCI in de novo coronary stenosis. Treatments they\'ll be given should be: * DCB-only PCI * BOS PCI Researchers will compare DCB-only and BOS group to see if addictive stent implantation for DCB-PCI complication is relate to an higher rate of target vessel failure. Target vessel is the primary endpoint, defined as: * cardiovascular death * target vessel myocardial infarction * clinical driven target vessel revascularization * angiographic restenosis

Drug coated balloon (DCB) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to be as effective as last generation drug eluting stent (DES) PCI in many randomized trials. However a not negligible rate of patients must receive a bail-out stenting (BOS) implantation after DCB-PCI. Only some studies report that the rate of MACE of these patients is higher than DCB-only or DES-PCI ones. Even if the BOS patients MACE rate is two times more than DCB-only or DES-only, due to the small amount of BOS patients in these studies there were not a statistically significant difference. According to these evidence, BOSS study researchers will compare target vessel failure (TVF) rate in DCB-only and BOS group resulting from all vessel size de novo coronary artery stenosis DCB-PCI. TVF as primary endpoint will include: * cardiovascular death * target vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI). According to the third universal definition of myocardial infarction TV-MI will be considered a non fatal myocardial infarction with the evidence of myocardial necrosis in the vascular territory of previously treated target vessel * clinical driven target vessel revascularization (CD-TVR). CD-TVR will be considered as any repeat intervention of any segment of the target vessel, defined as the entire major coronary vessel proximal and distal to the target lesion. * Angiographic restenosis. It will considered in case of restenosis as either a \> 50% loss of initial gain of the target lesion. The trial will enroll all patients who received a de novo DCB-PCI from January 2020 to December 2023. The population will be divided into two groups: * DCB-only PCI * BOS PCI Bail-out stenting will be done in case of high grade coronary dissection (\> or equal to NHLBI grade C) or in case of \> 30% recoil, according with International DCB Consensus.