NCT06257706 - VECTORS - A Study to Evaluate Transmural Healing as a Treatment Target in Crohn's Disease | Crick

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 18 YearsMax age: 80 Years

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Adults aged 18 to 80 years, inclusive, at the time of consent; 2. Moderately to severely active CD at baseline defined by a CDAI score of 220 to 450 inclusive and SES-CD, excluding the presence of narrowing component, ≥6 (or ≥4 for participants with isolated ileal disease); 3. BWT on IUS of \>4.0 mm in the terminal ileum or any colonic segment (excluding the rectum) as assessed by the mean of 2 longitudinal and 2 cross-sectional measurements of the same segment; 4. Biologic-naïve or have previous exposure (within the last 5 years of the screening date) to no more than 1 advanced therapeutic compound (approved biologic or small molecule drug) for the treatment of their CD. Note: only approximately 15% to 30% of the enrolled population will have had prior exposure to an advanced therapeutic; 5. Participants may continue stable dose (initiated at least 4 weeks prior to Screening) of 5-ASA for CD; 6. Persons of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test prior to randomization and must use a highly effective method of contraception throughout the study. Females unable to bear children must have documentation of such in the source records; 7. Able to participate fully in all aspects of this clinical trial; 8. Written informed consent must be obtained and documented. Exclusion Criteria: 1. Current or previous treatment with vedolizumab, etrolizumab, or natalizumab; 2. Previously exposed to 2 or more compounds or classes of an advanced therapeutic compound (approved biologic or small molecule drug) for the treatment of their CD; 3. Change to oral corticosteroid therapy dosing within 2 weeks prior to randomization or a corticosteroid dose of \>40 mg of prednisone or equivalent at randomization; 4. Only have inflammation proximal to the terminal ileum that cannot be reached by ileocolonoscopy; 5. Have a CD complication, such as symptomatic strictures in the small bowel with \>3 cm prestenotic dilatation on any imaging modality, requiring procedural intervention; 6. Previous extensive colonic resection or missing \>2 segments out of 5 (terminal ileum, right colon, transverse colon, sigmoid and left colon, and rectum), ileorectal anastomosis, or a proctocolectomy; 7. Ostomy or ileoanal pouch; 8. Short bowel syndrome; 9. Fibrotic-only stricture in the ileum or colon without evidence of active inflammation (in the investigator's judgment), including any impassable stenosis; 10. Abscess \>2 cm, detected by IUS or endoscopy; participants with draining fistulas are not excluded; 11. Serious underlying disease other than CD that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the participant's ability to participate fully in the study or would compromise participant safety; 12. Positive stool test for Clostridioides difficile infection (as demonstrated by positive toxin); 13. Known HIV or hepatitis B or C infection. If a negative test result is available in the 12 months prior to randomization, retesting is not required; 14. Known active or latent tuberculosis (TB); if a negative test result is available in the 12 months prior to randomization, confirmatory testing (per standard of care) is not required before randomization; 15. Other systemic or opportunistic infection (including cytomegalovirus), any other clinically significant extraintestinal infection, or recurring infection within 6 months of randomization; 16. Has active cerebral/meningeal disease, signs, symptoms, or any history of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) prior to randomization; 17. Hypersensitivity, allergy, or intolerance to any excipient of vedolizumab or any other contraindication to vedolizumab; 18. Active severe infection such as sepsis, cytomegalovirus, listeriosis, or opportunistic infection. 19. Unwillingness to withhold protocol-prohibited medications during the trial; 20. Concurrent or previous participation in another clinical trial and received any investigational therapy within 30 days prior to randomization; 21. History of alcohol or drug abuse that in the opinion of the investigator may interfere with the participant's ability to comply with the study procedures; 22. Prior enrolment in the current study and had received study treatment; 23. Pregnant, lactating, or intending to become pregnant/impregnate a partner before, during, or within 18 weeks after the last dose; or intending to donate ova or sperm during such time period; 24. Vaccination with a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks prior to randomization, or planned vaccination with a live or live-attenuated vaccine during participation in the study; 25. Any person performing mandatory military service, deprived of liberty, in a residential care setting, or any person who, due to a judicial decision, cannot take part in clinical studies; 26. The person is an immediate family member, study site employee, or is in a dependent relationship with a study site employee who is involved in conduct of this study (e.g., spouse, parent, child, sibling).

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free Endoscopic remission in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

Corticosteroid-free is defined as not using corticosteroids at the time of the assessment. Endoscopic remission is defined by a total Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) ≤4 and at least a 2-point reduction versus baseline with no subscore greater than 1 in any individual variable. The SES-CD scores 4 endoscopic items (ulcer size, proportion of ulcerated surface, proportion of the surface area affected by any disease lesion, and stenosis) from 0 to 3, with higher scores representing more severe endoscopic disease activity. Each variable is scored for the 5 intestinal segments (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) and summed to provide the total variable score. The sum of each variable score ranges from 0 to 15, except for stenosis (ranges from 0 to 11), because 3 represents a stenosis through which a colonoscope cannot be passed and therefore, can only be observed once. Total SES-CD score is then calculated by summing the item scores (range, 0-56 points).

Time frame: week 48

Secondary Outcomes

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free Transmural healing (TMH)+Endoscopic remission+Clinical remission in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

Transmural healing is defined by Bowel wall thickness (BWT) ≤3.0 mm and color Doppler signal (CDS) 0 in all evaluable segments assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound. Endoscopic remission is defined by achievement of a total Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) ≤4 and at least a 2-point reduction versus baseline with no subscore greater than 1 in any individual variable. The SES-CD assesses 4 endoscopic variables: the size of ulcers, ulcerated surface, affected surface, and presence of narrowing. Each variable score ranging from 0 to 3. The total SES-CD score is calculated using the sum of all parameter scores in 5 segments: terminal ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum. Clinical Remission is defined by achievement of Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) \<150. CDAI consists of eight factors, each summed after adjustment with a weighting factor. Total score ranges from 0 to 600 points. Higher scores indicate more severity.

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free IUS response+Endoscopic remission+Clinical Remission in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

IUS response is defined by reduction from baseline of 25% in Bowel Wall thickness (BWT) assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS). Endoscopic remission is defined by achievement of a total Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) ≤4 and at least a 2-point reduction versus baseline with no subscore greater than 1 in any individual variable. Clinical Remission is defined by achievement of Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) \<150. The CDAI consists of 8 items including physical examination items, extraintestinal manifestations, the hematocrit, and PRO measures as recorded in the participant diary card for the 7 days prior to the clinic visit. Each item is multiplied by a weighting factor and summed to give a total CDAI score, ranging from 0 to over 600 points, with higher scores representing more severe disease activity.

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free Endoscopic remission+Clinical Remission in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

Endoscopic remission is defined by achievement of a total Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) ≤4 and at least a 2-point reduction versus baseline with no subscore greater than 1 in any individual variable. The SES-CD scores 4 endoscopic items (ulcer size, proportion of ulcerated surface, proportion of the surface area affected by any disease lesion, and stenosis) from 0 to 3. Each variable is scored for the 5 intestinal segments (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) and summed to provide the total variable score. Total SES-CD score is then summed up the item scores (range, 0-56 points). Clinical Remission is defined by Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) \<150. CDAI consists of eight factors, each summed after adjustment with a weighting factor. Total score ranges from 0 to 600 points. Higher scores indicate more severity.

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free endoscopic response+Clinical response in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

Endoscopic response is defined by Reduction in total Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) ≥50% from baseline. The SES-CD scores 4 endoscopic items (ulcer size, proportion of ulcerated surface, proportion of the surface area affected by any disease lesion, and stenosis) from 0 to 3, higher scores indicate more severity. Each variable is scored for the 5 intestinal segments (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) and summed to provide the total variable score. The sum of each variable score ranges from 0 to 15, except for stenosis, where it ranges from 0 to 11. Total SES-CD score is then calculated by summing the item scores (range, 0-56 points). Clinical Response is defined by Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) decrease of ≥100 points from baseline. CDAI consists of eight factors, each summed after adjustment with a weighting factor. Total score ranges from 0 to 600 points. Higher scores indicate more severity.

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free clinical remission in group 1 and group 2 at Week 14, Week 22 and Week 48.

Corticosteroid-free is defined as not using corticosteroids for treatment of CD at the time of the assessment. Clinical Remission is defined by achievement of Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) \<150. The CDAI consists of 8 items including physical examination items, extraintestinal manifestations, the hematocrit, and PRO measures as recorded in the participant diary card for the 7 days prior to the clinic visit. Each item is multiplied by a weighting factor and summed to give a total CDAI score, ranging from 0 to over 600 points, with higher scores representing more severe disease activity.

Time frame: week 14, week 22 and week 48

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free Clinical Response in group 1 and group 2 at week 14, week 22 and week 48

Corticosteroid-free is defined as not using corticosteroids for treatment of CD at the time of the assessment. Clinical Response is defined by Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) decrease of ≥100 points from baseline. The CDAI consists of 8 items including physical examination items, extraintestinal manifestations, the hematocrit, and PRO measures as recorded in the participant diary card for the 7 days prior to the clinic visit. Each item is multiplied by a weighting factor and summed to give a total CDAI score, ranging from 0 to over 600 points, with higher scores representing more severe disease activity.

Time frame: week 14, week 22 and week 48

Crohn's Disease Activity Index(CDAI) total score and corresponding change from baseline during follow-up (Week 6, Week 14, Week 22, Week 30, Week 38, Week 48, Week 64, Week 80, Week 96) in group 1 and group 2

Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) consists of 8 items including physical examination items, extraintestinal manifestations, the hematocrit, and PRO measures as recorded in the participant diary card for the 7 days prior to the clinic visit. Each item is multiplied by a weighting factor and summed to give a total CDAI score, ranging from 0 to over 600 points, with higher scores representing more severe disease activity.

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Percentage of participants with Corticosteroid-free endoscopic response in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

Corticosteroid-free is defined as not using corticosteroids for treatment of CD at the time of the assessment Endoscopic response is defined by Reduction in total Simple Endoscopic Score for CD (SES-CD) ≥50% from baseline. The SES-CD scores 4 endoscopic items (ulcer size, proportion of ulcerated surface, proportion of the surface area affected by any disease lesion, and stenosis) from 0 to 3, with higher scores representing more severe endoscopic disease activity. Each variable is scored for the 5 intestinal segments (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) and summed to provide the total variable score. The sum of each variable score ranges from 0 to 15, except for stenosis, where it ranges from 0 to 11, because 3 represents a stenosis through which a colonoscope cannot be passed and therefore, can only be observed once. Total SES-CD score is then calculated by summing the item scores (range, 0-56 points).

Time frame: week 48

SES-CD total score and corresponding change from baseline to Week 48 in group 1 and group 2

The SES-CD scores 4 endoscopic items (ulcer size, proportion of ulcerated surface, proportion of the surface area affected by any disease lesion, and stenosis) from 0 to 3, with higher scores representing more severe endoscopic disease activity. Each variable is scored for the 5 intestinal segments (ileum, right colon, transverse colon, left colon, and rectum) and summed to provide the total variable score. The sum of each variable score ranges from 0 to 15, except for stenosis, where it ranges from 0 to 11, because 3 represents a stenosis through which a colonoscope cannot be passed and therefore, can only be observed once. Total SES-CD score is then calculated by summing the item scores (range, 0-56 points).

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Transmural healing (TMH) in group 1 and group 2 at week 48

Transmural Healing (TMH) is defined by Bowel wall thickness (BWT) ≤3.0 mm and color Doppler signal (CDS) 0 in all evaluable segments assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) response in group 1 and group 2 at Week 48

IUS response is defined by reduction from baseline of 25% in Bowel Wall thickness (BWT) assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS)

Time frame: week 48

Bowel Wall Thickness (BWT) measured by Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) in mm and corresponding change from baseline at Week 48 in group 1 and group 2.

Time frame: week 48

Color Doppler signal (CDS) and corresponding change from baseline at Week 48 in group 1 and group 2.

Time frame: week 48

International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score (IBUS-SAS) (per segment as well as total) and corresponding change from baseline at Week 48 in group 1 and group 2

International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score (IBUS-SAS) is a 0-100 numerical activity index for Crohn's disease calculated from four Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) parameters

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Transmural healing (TMH) at week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, and week 48 in group 1

Transmural Healing (TMH) is defined by Bowel wall thickness (BWT) ≤3.0 mm and color Doppler signal (CDS) 0 in all evaluable segments assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound

Time frame: week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48

Percentage of participants with Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) response at week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, and week 48 in group 1

IUS response is defined by reduction from baseline of 25% in Bowel Wall thickness (BWT) assessed by Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS)

Time frame: week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48

Bowel Wall Thickness (BWT) measured by Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) in mm and corresponding change from baseline at week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, and week 48 in group 1

Time frame: week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48

Color Doppler signal (CDS) and corresponding change from baseline at week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, and week 48 in group 1

Time frame: week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48

International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score (IBUS-SAS) (per segment as well as total) and corresponding change from baseline at week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, and week 48 in group 1

International Bowel Ultrasound Segmental Activity Score (IBUS-SAS) is a 0-100 numerical activity index for Crohn's disease calculated from four Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS) parameters

Time frame: week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48

Percentage of participants with Histologic remission at week 48 in group 1 and group 2

Histologic remission is defined by Robarts Histopathology Index (RHI) score ≤3 (per segment) with subscores of 0 for lamina propria neutrophils and 0 for neutrophils in epithelium, as scored by central reader. The RHI is a validated instrument that measures histologic disease activity and consists of 4 subscores (chronic inflammatory infiltrate, lamina propria neutrophils, neutrophils in epithelium, and erosion or ulceration). Each subscore ranges from 0-3, with higher subscores indicating greater histologic disease activity. The RHI score is calculated as: (1 x chronic inflammatory infiltrate) + (2 x lamina propria neutrophils) + (3 x neutrophils in epithelium) + (5 x erosion or ulceration). The RHI therefore ranges from 0-33, with higher scores indicating greater histologic disease activity.

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of participants with Histologic response at week 48 in group 1 and group 2

Histologic response is defined as ≥7-point reduction from baseline in RHI, as scored by a central reader. The RHI is a validated instrument that measures histologic disease activity and consists of 4 subscores (chronic inflammatory infiltrate, lamina propria neutrophils, neutrophils in epithelium, and erosion or ulceration). Each subscore ranges from 0-3, with higher subscores indicating greater histologic disease activity. The RHI score is calculated as: (1 x chronic inflammatory infiltrate) + (2 x lamina propria neutrophils) + (3 x neutrophils in epithelium) + (5 x erosion or ulceration). The RHI therefore ranges from 0-33, with higher scores indicating greater histologic disease activity.

Time frame: week 48

Percentage of patients with Biomarker remission at week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96 in group 1 and group 2

Biomarker remission is defined as Normalization of C-reactive protein (CRP) \<5 mg/mL and fecal calprotectin (FCal) \<250 μg/g

Time frame: week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Percentage of patients with Biomarker response at week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96 in group 1 and group 2

Biomarker response is defined as ≥50% reduction from baseline in either C-reactive protein (CRP) or fecal calprotectin (FCal)

Time frame: week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Percentage of participants with C-reactive protein (CRP) response during follow-up (Week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

C-reactive protein (CRP) response is defined by ≥50% reduction from baseline

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Percentage of participants with fecal calprotectin (FCal) response during follow-up (Week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

Fecal calprotectin (FCal) response is defined by ≥50% reduction from baseline

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Changes in C-reactive protein (CRP) from baseline during follow-up (Week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Changes in fecal calprotectin (FCal) from baseline during follow-up (Week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

2-item Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO-2) score and corresponding changes from baseline during follow-up (Weeks 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

The PRO-2 consists of the 2 CDAI component items: daily stool frequency and abdominal pain. Study participants record the number of liquid or very soft stools and rate abdominal pain (range, 0-3) daily in their participant diary for the 7 days prior to a clinic visit, excluding days of bowel preparation and ileocolonoscopy. The stool frequency and abdominal pain scores are calculated as the average scores over the 7-day period.

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Symptoms and Impacts Questionnaire for CD (SIQ-CD) score and corresponding changes from baseline during follow-up (Weeks 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

SIQ-CD tool consists of a symptom domain, which includes Gastrointestinal (GI), pain and discomfort, nutrition-related, and fatigue-related symptoms; and an impact domain, which includes concepts related to daily activities, nutrition, emotional well-being, and productivity.

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Urgency Numerical Rating Score (NRS) and corresponding changes from baseline during follow-up (Weeks 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

The Urgency NRS evaluates the participant's sense of urgency to have a bowel movement over the previous 24 hours and is rated on an 11-point Likert scale, from 0 for "no urgency" to 10 for "worst possible urgency"

Time frame: week 6, week 14, week 22, week 30, week 38, week 48, week 64, week 80, week 96

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) score and corresponding changes from baseline during follow-up (Weeks 30, week 48 and week 96) in group 1 and group 2

The IBDQ measures health related quality of life in subjects with inflammatory bowel disease. It consists of 32 questions each with a graded response of 1 (worst) to 7 (best). The score ranges from 32 to 224

Time frame: week 30, week 48, week 96

Time to CD-related complication from randomization through Week 96 in group 1 and group 2

CD-related complication will be defined as any of the following: (1) CD-related surgery; (2) CD-related hospitalization; (3) CD medication-related complication; (4) CD procedure-related complication; (5) Rescue therapy for a documented CD-related flare e.g., new initiation of an advanced therapy other than VDZ (approved biologic or small molecule), dose escalation of vedolizumab, or dose intensification beyond the dose used at randomization of a corticosteroid after Week 48 or; (6) Other CD-related complication

Time frame: from randomization through Week 96

Time to each component of CD-related complication in group 1 and group 2

Time frame: from randomization through Week 96

Percentage of participants who switched to an alternate biologic (yes/no) by Week 48 and Week 96

Time frame: week 48, week 96

Exposure-adjusted incidence rates of serious adverse events (SAEs), all adverse events (AEs), and AEs of special interest (AESIs) in group 1 and group 2

Defined as the number of participants experiencing the event per 100 person-years (PYs) of exposure.

Time frame: up to week 96

VECTORS - A Study to Evaluate Transmural Healing as a Treatment Target in Crohn's Disease

Overview

Conditions

Interventions

Eligibility

Locations (69)

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Secondary Outcomes

Central Contacts