Effect of Changes in Carbohydrate Intake Patterns on Glucose Control in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Those who agree to participate in the study and sign informed consent; 2. Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus (ADA2024); 3. Age of 18\~70 years; 4. Dependent on exogenous insulin therapy, the treatment plan remains unchanged within 2 months (the type of insulin cannot be changed, and the dose can be adjusted according to plasma glucose); 5. Body mass index (BMI) of 18\~25kg/m2; 6. HbA1c ≤11%; Exclusion Criteria: 1. Honeymooners with type 1 diabetes mellitus; 2. Women who are pregnant or plan to become pregnant; 3. Patients who are vegetarians or are undergoing weight loss; 4. Patients who are users of oral hypoglycemic drugs (alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, DPP-IV inhibitors, etc.); 5. Patients who are users of glucocorticoids within 30 days; 6. History of severe food allergy; 7. Patients with acute complications such as DKA or HHS within six months; 8. Patients with gastroparesis, inflammatory bowel disease and other complications; 9. Patients with large albuminuria(albumin-to-creatinine ratio\>34.09mg/mmol) and renal insufficiency(creatinine\>200umol/L); 10. Patients with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism(Uncontrolled hyperthyroidism is defined as abnormal TSH and T4. Uncontrolled hypothyroidism is defined as TSH \> 10mIU/L.); 11. History of heart disease, coronary heart disease and arrhythmia; 12. Serious of liver dysfunction (ALT or AST\>3 times the upper limit of normal); 13. History of malignant tumors; History of tumors or surgeries affecting digestion and nutrient absorption; Patients with a history of benign tumors, which is judged by the physician to be not suitable; 14. Patients with uncontrolled other immune system diseases or uncontrolled infections; 15. Alcohol abuse, drug abuse, mental disorders or other conditions unfit to be an observer in drug tests; 16. Patients with any disease likely to interfere with study participation or evaluation.