Smoking can damage lung functions as a result of high carbon monoxide and low hemoglobin oxygen carrying capacity in the blood. Smoking between young people continues to increase, which can cause respiratory function problems and lung diseases at an early age. In the studies, it has been seen that smoking may reduce the oppression and exercise ability.
Students who voluntarily accept participation in the study and sign the illuminated consent form, pulmonary status, gender, age, and body mass index to question data such as demographic data form, nicotine dependence levels Fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale, international physical activity scale (IPAQ), and Beck depression scale will be used. Then the respiratory function test will be evaluated with respiratory parameters and a 6-minute walking test. All evaluations made at the beginning of the study will be applied three times after the 8-week exercise program and the first month of control. First of all, the students will be grouped according to nicotine dependence levels, and exercise groups will be randomized according to each addiction level. Groups to be formed: Group 1: face-to-face exercise group; Group 2: online (telesağlık) exercise group; Group 3: control group.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
60
The first 5 minutes of heating in the exercise program are planned to be implemented for 8 weeks, and the last 5 minutes are a cooling period. In the exercise program, which is planned to last 40 minutes in total, respiratory exercises will be applied to heating and cooling peryotes. As respiratory exercise, diaphragmatic respiratory exercise will be applied to heating and cooling peryots with 5 repetitions. Elastic resistant bands (Therand) will be used in resistant exercise training that will last for 30 minutes. The participants will be started to work with the resistance that they can do 10 again but cannot reach 14 repetitions. Elastic resistant bands are shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, shoulder ablution, shoulder horizontal abduction, elbow extension, hip ablution, hip flexion, and hip exercise. These exercises will be held once a week, 10 repetitions, 2 sets, for 8 weeks.
Kirklareli University
Kırklareli, Kayalı, Turkey (Türkiye)
RECRUITINGInternational Physical Activity Questionnaire (Short)
It contains questions about the physical time spent in the last 7 days to learn about the physical activities of people in daily life. Metabolic equivalent (met) method was used to determine the level of physical activity. Standard Met values have been created for these activities. The daily and weekly physical activity level of the individual will be calculated by using the metal values determined for severe physical activity, moderate severe physical activity, walking and sitting.
Time frame: Evaluation should be carried out before the start of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment.
Six-Minute Walk Test
It is a widely used test for evaluating the functional capacity of individuals. Individuals shall be requested to walk at normal walking speeds in a flat corridor of thirty meters long, with the start and end points determined for six minutes, and the distance in which the cases walk for six minutes shall be recorded in meters.
Time frame: Evaluation should be carried out before the start of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment.
Scoring the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)
It is used to measure nicotine addiction. Points obtained from the scale, nicotine addiction level 0-2 Points: Very low level of nicotine addiction 3-4 points: low level of nicotine addiction, 5 points: moderate nicotine addiction, 6-7 points: high level of nicotine addiction, 8-10 points 8-10 points : It is classified as a very high level of nicotine addiction
Time frame: Evaluation should be carried out before the start of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment.
Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI)
It is a scale applied to determine whether the person shows signs of depression. The scale consists of 21 items, and eleven items are divided into cognitions, two substances, two substances, five substances, physical symptoms, and one substance for individual symptoms. Each question is given to 0, 1, 2, or 3, and the patients are asked to choose the most appropriate one of these questions. A score between 0-63 is obtained. 0-9 no/minimal depression, 10-18 mild depression, 19-29 moderate depression, and 30-63 severe depression.
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Time frame: Evaluation should be carried out before the start of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment.
Lung Function Test
It allows the measurement of spirometry and pulmonary functions and the determination of abnormalities in the respiratory system. Spirometry shows the values obtained by exhalation and inhalation of air volumes during compulsory maneuvers. The main spirometry parameters are vital capacity (VC), challenging vital capacity (FVC), challenging expiratory volume in the first second (Fev1), and these parameters (Fev1/VC, Fev1/FVC).
Time frame: Evaluation should be carried out before the start of treatment and 8 weeks after treatment.