Effects of HIIT on Muscle Strength, Atrophy and Aerobic Capacity in Stroke Patients.

Inclusion Criteria: * Both males and females were included * aged 40-60 years * Chronic stroke patients who experienced a first-ever ischemic stroke * Stable cardiovascular condition (American Heart Association class B) * Physician clearance to participate in a 4-week HIIT program * No prior structured exercise in the last 3 months * Ability to walk 10 m over ground with or without assistive devices * Patients who scored \>24/30 on MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) Exclusion Criteria: * Patients who were hospitalized for cardiac or pulmonary disease within the past 3 months * Patients who had implanted pacemaker or defibrillator * Patients having conditions where VO2peak assessment is contraindicated, such as uncontrolled hypertension(\>180/100), severe aortic stenosis, acute myocarditis, recent myocardial infarction, or other acute cardiovascular events within the past three months, were excluded from the study * Patients with severe lower limb spasticity (Ashworth Scale scores \>2 of 4 for knee flexion, knee extension, or ankle dorsiflexion) * Pregnant females * Previous exposure to fast treadmill walking in the past year