After upper abdomen surgery, respiratory muscle dysfunction is well recognised. After laparotomy and even laparoscopy, maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures are lowered, and recovery can take several days. A variety of reasons have been implicated in such respiratory muscle dysfunction, including irritation and inflammation, as well as injuries near the diaphragm, resulting in local mechanical failure, reflex inhibition, and pain.
Virtual reality (VR) encourages an environment that attempts to create a moment of entertainment, motivation, and enjoyment with a variety of stimuli, with movements that stimulate physical and cognitive development, as well as the patient's active participation in the rehabilitation process. It is possible to assist in the alleviation of pain using the platform, at a low cost, through the playfulness given during rehabilitation, with an effective consumption of oxygen, range of motion, and use of the respiratory muscles more efficiently. Participants with upper abdominal surgery will be randomly distributed into Group A (VR Group) which will receive VR for plus conventional physical therapy program and Group B (Control Group) which will receive conventional physical therapy program.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
60
The system included an Xbox 360® console, a sensor that detects motion (Kinect®), and a projector device with loudspeakers. The console, which was mounted on a table, reached 1 m tall. The Kinect® motion sensor was attached to the projector, which showed images onto a wall 2.5 metres distant from the playing field. The playing field was at least 1.8 m wide and 1.8 m long, with the Kinect® sensor situated 1.2 m away. The device was calibrated before each training session to accurately follow the motions of each subject.
Participants will receive conventional physical therapy exercise program (Deep diaphragmatic, costal breathing exercises, bronchial hygiene techniques and assisted cough) for 45 minutes, 5 days/ week for 8 weeks.
Faculty of Physical Therapy
Giza, Egypt
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
FVC will be measured by using spirometer.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)
FEV1 will be measured by using spirometer.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Peak expiratory flow (PEF)
PEF will be measured by using spirometer.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Respiratory muscle strength
The inspiratory muscle strength will be verified by means of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and the expiratory muscular strength by means of maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) by using the digital Manovacuometer.
Time frame: 8 weeks
diaphragmatic mobility
Diaphragmatic mobility will be assessed using a high resolution ultrasound machine with a convex probe of 3.5 MHz on the right subcostal area in perpendicular incidence to craniocaudal axis in the assessment.
Time frame: 8 weeks
Functional capacity
Functional capacity will be measured by using 6-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT) that measures the maximum distance walked in a period of 6 min to assess the submaximal level of the functional capacity of the participants.
Time frame: 8 weeks
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