The purpose of this study is to describe the tobacco exposure and characteristics of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) who quit smoking, to identify patients' tobacco-related knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) and explore the influencing factors of smoking cessation.
Participants will be invited to recall their smoking status and tobacco-related KAP. Smokers need to identify their smoking cessation behavior. First part: participants need to finish the questionnaire, which includes the demographic information sheet, characteristics of smoking sheet, and tobacco-related KAP. Including (a) patients' knowledge of health risks of tobacco and tobacco-related diseases (the delphi method was used to construct this knowledge questionnaire); and (b) perceptions of tobacco harm. Second part: smokers need to finish the questionnaire, which includes history of smoking cessation sheet, attitudes towards tobacco control smoking cessation, nicotine dependence sheet, tobacco withdrawal symptoms sheet, intention to quit smoking sheet, ability to quit smoking sheet, alcohol use disorders and physical activity.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
567
Participants will be asked to respond to the demographic information sheet, characteristics of smoking sheet, tobacco-related knowledge, perceptions of tobacco harm. Smokers will be asked the history of smoking cessation sheet, the Fagerstrom Test of Nicotine Dependence, Smoking Self-efficacy Questionnaire, Cigarette Withdrawal Scale, Intention to Quit Smoking sheet, Motivation to Quit Smoking sheet, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire.
XIAW
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Prevalence of current smokers
A true or false sheet in the questionnaire.
Time frame: Baseline
Abstinence rates
A true or false sheet in the questionnaire.
Time frame: Baseline
Nicotine dependence
The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was applied to assess nicotine dependence, which has a set of 6 items with an overall score ranging from 0-10. High dependence was defined as an FTND score ≥7; medium dependence, a score ranging from 4-6; low dependence, a score ranging from 0-3.
Time frame: Baseline
Perceptions of tobacco harm
Knowledge of health hazards of active and passive smoking was applied to assess perceptions of tobacco harm. The questionnaire has a set of 17 items which was developed according to the literature review content. Participants were asked to answer whether the knowledge about tobacco harm contained in the entry is correct: yes, no, or don't know. the higher percentages of correct responses to each item of the knowledge subscale means the better mastery of self-awareness of the hazard of smoking.
Time frame: Baseline
knowledge of tobacco-related diseases
Tobacco-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) was applied to assess knowledge of tobacco-related diseases. The questionnaire has a set of 23 items which was developed according to the literature review content (The delphi method was used to construct this knowledge level questionnaire). This questionnaire was categorized into three subscales, namely cigarette smoking increases the risk of CKD (15 items), e-cigarettes and nephrotoxicity (2 items) and health benefits of smoking cessation for patients with CKD (6 items), with the answer: know, know a little, do not know or not sure. Higher scores of both subscales indicate the greater mastery of knowledge of tobacco-related diseases.
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Time frame: Baseline
Smoking related attitudes
Smoking Rationalization Beliefs (SRBs) refer to the relevant attitudes that smokers use to rationalize their smoking behavior and maintain their smoking status. The simplification of the scale with 8 items, each question use a five-point likert scale with 1 being 'strongly agree' and 5 being 'strongly disagree'. The higher the score was, the lower the SRBs.
Time frame: Baseline
Self-efficacy level
Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SEQ-12) was applied to assess the self-efficacy level. The SEQ-12 is a self-report inventory consisting of 12 items measuring the confidence of current and exsmokers in their ability to abstain from smoking in high-risk situations. The instrument is intended to measure two dimensions: internal stimuli (6 items) and external stimuli (6 items). Responses were solicited with a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1=not at all sure to 5=absolutely sure, where greater values indicated that the respondent perceived greater confidence in resisting smoking in the context.
Time frame: Baseline
Withdrawal symptoms
The 9-item version of Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) was used for detection of withdrawal symptoms, which was revealed to have two domains of negative affect and insomnia and three individual items. Participants rated the symptoms by using a 5-point Likert-type (0=not present to 4=severe). Higher values of the MNWS indicate more severe nicotine withdrawal symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline