The Danish Drowning Formula (DDF) was designed to search the unstructured text fields in the Danish nationwide Prehospital Electronic Medical Record on unrestricted terms with comprehensive search criteria to identify all potential water-related incidents and achieve a high sensitivity. This was important as drowning is a rare occurrence, but it resulted in a low Positive Predictive Value for detecting drowning incidents specifically. This study aims to augment the positive predictive value of the DDF and reduce the temporal demands associated with manual validation.
The DDF was published in 2023. It is a text-search algorithm designed to search the unstructured text fields in databases containing electronic medical records to identify all potential water-related incidents. The DDF consists of numerous trigger words related to submersion injury (e.g., "drukn"/ drown, "vand"/water, "hav"/ocean, and "båd"/ boat). An ongoing study showed impressive performance metrics of the DDF as a drowning identification tool when applied to the Danish PEMR on unrestricted terms. However, the PPV was low for detecting drowning incidents specifically. This study aims to augment the DDF's positive predictive value and reduce the temporal demands associated with manual validation. Data are extracted from the Danish nationwide Prehospital Electronic Medical Record using the DDF and manually validated before entered into the Danish Prehospital Drowning Data (DPDD). Data from the DPDD from 2016-2021 will be split into 80% (training data) and 20% (test data) and used to train the machine learning. Data from the DPDD from 2022-2023 will be used as validation data to calculate the performance metrics for the machine learning.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
1,500
Drowning was defined by the WHO in 2002 as "the process of experiencing respiratory impairment from submersion or immersion in liquid".
Prehospital Center
Næstved, Region Sjælland, Denmark
Sensitivity of the machine learning algorithm as a drowning identification tool
Sensitivity \[TP / (TP+FN)\] will be calculated to show the performance of the machine learning as a drowning identification tool.
Time frame: The sensitivity of the trained machine learning will be calculated based on data from 2022 and 2023.
Specificity of the machine learning algorithm as a drowning identification tool
Specificity \[TN / (FP+TN)\] will be calculated to show the performance of the machine learning as a drowning identification tool.
Time frame: The specificity of the trained machine learning will be calculated based on data from 2022 and 2023.
PPV of the machine learning algorithm
PPV \[TP / (TP+FP)\] will be calculated to show the machine learning test result.
Time frame: The PPV of the trained machine learning will be calculated based on data from 2022 and 2023.
NPV of the machine learning algorithm
NPV \[TN / (FN+TN)\] will be calculated to show the machine learning test result.
Time frame: The NPV of the trained machine learning will be calculated based on data from 2022 and 2023.
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