Study focuses on comparing the effects of manual scar mobilization and myofascial cupping techniques on the outcomes of pain, physical characteristics, and appearance of cesarean scars. The study aims to contribute valuable insights into tailored interventions for improving cesarean scars. The randomized clinical trial will involve 52 participants, primigravida women aged 20 to 40 with completely healed but painful cesarean scars. Excluding those with previous scar therapy or infectious scars, the participants will be divided into two groups, with Group A receiving manual scar mobilization therapy and Group B receiving myofascial cupping therapy, both administered twice a week for four weeks. Pain assessment will be conducted using a numeric pain rating scale (NPRS), while physical characteristics and appearance will be evaluated using the Manchester Scar Scale for cesarean scars (MSS). The data collected will be analyzed using SPSS version 29.
A cesarean is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through an incision in the mother's abdomen and uterus. Manual scar mobilization and myofascial cupping techniques are some of the beneficial techniques to treat the scar. The research aims to understand the comparative effects of both techniques to know the potential benefits of these techniques on the outcome of pain, physical characteristics, and appearance of the cesarean scar. This study contributes valuable insights into comparing tailored interventions for improving the cesarean scar. This will be a randomized clinical trial conducted on 52 participants. Data will be collected from KulsoomShoukat Medical Complex, Faisalabad by using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. Primigravida women aged from 20 to 40 who have 6 months post cesarean completely healed but painful scars and who haven't undergone any scar therapy before will be included in the study. On the contrary, participants with any previous scar therapy or having infectious scars will be excluded from the study. A sample of 48 will be divided into 2 groups through random allocation. Group A will undergo manual scar mobilization therapy for 15 minutes on a cesarean scar twice a week. Group B will receive myofascial cupping therapy for 15 minutes twice a week. Treatment in both groups will be given for 4 weeks and pain will be assessed before 4 weeks and then after 4 weeks by a numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). Physical characteristics and appearance will be assessed by the Manchester Scar Scale for cesarean scar (MSS) in both groups pre and post-intervention. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 29.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
30
In this therapy, deep pressure on some point of the area of the scar will be given which will be perpendicular to the skin and will be followed by skin rolling
A disposable plastic cup (5cm) will be positioned at THE selected area of the cesarean scar. Then, negative pressure will be applied using a mechanical vacuum pump, the cup will be gently slid around the selected area rhythmically to get a massage-like effect
Kulsoom Shoukat Medical Complex
Faisalābad, Punjab Province, Pakistan
Numeric Pain Rating Scale
The NPRS is a segmented numeric scale in which the respondent selects a whole number (0-10 integers) that best reflects the intensity of his/her pain. The common format is a horizontal bar or line. NPRS is anchored by terms describing pain severity extremes.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks
Manchester Scar Scale (MSS)
In 1998 Beausang et al proposed a scale to assess scars which is the Manchester Scar Scale (MSS). It rates the different physical characteristics of scar which are contour to surrounding skin (range from flush to keloid) and texture (range normal to hard). Scores from the parameters are then all together to get the total score, with higher scores representing clinically worse scars. Manchester scar scale also gives the appearance of the scar that is color (from perfect to mismatched), relationship with the surrounding skin (shiny or mate), and distortion (none to severe). Then the score is added to get the overall opinion about the scar.
Time frame: up to 4 weeks
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