The goal of this clinical trial is to characterize the role of sleep, emotion processing, and daily affect in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and whether improving sleep quality using slow wave activity enhancement will impact next-day affect in youth. Participants will attend 4 study visits: * A clinical and trauma assessment visit * A testing day that may include cognitive testing, surveys, and an MRI. * An overnight sleep study following one week of at-home sleep recordings with the device in the sham condition * An overnight sleep study following one week of at-home sleep recordings with the device in the sleep enhancement condition
In this study, researchers aim to characterize sleep and explore its relationship to emotion processing and daily affect in 165 youth spilt into 3 groups. Researchers will use advanced sleep assessment methodologies including: (1) high-density EEG (256 channels) in the laboratory to explore the regional distribution of sleep before and after an emotional learning task and; (2) a sleep-wearable EEG recording headband, SmartSleep, to record sleep longitudinally at home. Using SmartSleep's sleep enhancement algorithms, researchers will determine whether the deepest sleep, slow-wave activity (SWA) of non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep, can be reliably increased in all youth.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
180
Device worn during sleep
University of Wisconsin
Madison, Wisconsin, United States
RECRUITINGChange in Emotional Regulation - arousal
Participants will view 140 target stimuli - 70 negative and 70 neutral- in pseudorandom order. The Self-Assessment Manikin Scale for Arousal 142 (SAM) appears after the target image and participants are asked to rate degree of emotional arousal experienced while processing the picture by pressing one of nine response buttons (ranging from 1 = very low to 9 = very high).
Time frame: First overnight session to second overnight, up to 5 weeks
Change in Emotional Regulation - recall
Participants complete a recognition phase. In this phase, 200 neutral and negative images are viewed. This set includes the 140 previously viewed images intermixed with 70 novel images (50% negative and 50% neutral). Participants are asked to assess arousal using the SAM (degree of emotional arousal experienced while processing the picture by pressing one of nine response buttons (ranging from 1 = very low to 9 = very high)), and to indicate whether or not they recognize pictures from the previous encoding session (''old'') or not (''new'') by pressing one of two response buttons.
Time frame: First overnight session to second overnight, up to 5 weeks
Change in Slow-wave Activity (SWA)
Measured by overnight high-density EEG
Time frame: First overnight session to second overnight, up to 5 weeks
Change in Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)
PANAS consists of 10 positive and 10 negative valence word items. Items are rated by the participant to indicate their assessment of how they are feeling about this item "right now" on a scale of 1(slightly) or not at all through 5 (extremely). 10 of of the items form a positive affect subscale, in which a higher score indicates increased positive affect, with a subscale range of 10 to 50. 10 of the items form a negative affect subscale, in which a higher score indicates more negative affect, with a subscale range of 10 to 50.
Time frame: First week at-home recordings to second week, up to 6 weeks
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