This study aimed to determine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering Resilience Training in multi-user virtual reality.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NA
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
174
Behavioral group-based intervention delivering mindfulness, metallization, and self-compassion skills.
Massachusetts General Hospital
Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States
Discomfort with Others
Discomfort with others is measured on a brief scale rated on a Likert scale of 1-5, asking three questions, how frequently someone feels discomfort with others, how intensely they feel it, and a multiple choice selection of reasons they may feel discomfort with others. Higher ratings indicate more discomfort with others.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Intervention Feasibility and Acceptability
This measure includes participant attendance, with more attendance of the intervention indicating better feasibility and acceptability.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Penn Emotion Recognition Test
The Penn Emotion Recognition Test (ER-40) is a 15-minute computer task which involves identifying the emotion (sadness, anger, etc.) expressed by a variety of face images with 5 possible options, was used to measure emotion recognition ability. The total score ranges from 0-40, with individual sub-scores for happy, sad, angry, fearful, and neutral expressions.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Stop Distance Paradigm
The Stop Distance Paradigm is a reliable way to measure ones personal space. The larger the number, the larger the person stands from others. This scale is rated by centimeters from zero (no personal space) to as many as the person chooses. This task was done in person, through Zoom, and in virtual reality.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Beck Depression Inventory
The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is a 21-item self-report assessment obtaining ratings of one's level of depression on a Likert scale of 0-63, with higher scores indicating more depressive symptoms.
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Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory
The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) is a 20-item self-report scale obtaining ratings of one's anxiety, both those that are trait like and ongoing, and those that are state like and temporary. Scores range from 0-120, with higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety symptoms.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief
The Prodromal Questionnaire- Brief (PQ-B) is a 21-item self-report survey assessing psychotic experiences such as common delusional experiences (e.g. paranoia, grandiosity, ideas of reference) and perceptual aberrations (e.g. experiences of being controlled, mind reaching, etc.). and distress related to them. Each item is scored on a 0 to 5 scale. The total score is rated across the 21 items ranging between 0 and 105 with higher scores indicating more severe psychotic experiences.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later
Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale
The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) is a 25-item self-report scale obtaining ratings of one's level of coping and emotional resilience. It is rated on a scale of 0-100, with higher scores indicate one has more coping skills and more emotional resilience.
Time frame: Before the intervention, 6 weeks later, and 6 months later