The aims of this study are to develop a mindfulness-based elective course for nursing students and to evaluate its effects on psychological well-being, including mindfulness, depression, anxiety, stress, and problematic internet use, empathy, among nursing students.
This study will use a quasi-experimental design to examine the effects of a new elective course for nursing students. Convenience sampling will be used to recruit nursing students from a university of science and technology in Taiwan. Data will be collected at two time points: baseline (T0) and the end of the course (T1). Participants who enroll in the elective course in mindfulness education will be assigned to the experimental group, whereas those who do not enroll in the elective course will be assigned to the comparison group. The anticipated total enrollment is 240 participants. Participants will be excluded if they are unwilling to participate in the study or do not complete the informed consent form. Intervention: The experimental group will enroll in the elective course entitled "Mindfulness and Happiness," consisting of 2 hours per week for 18 consecutive weeks. The comparison group will not participate in this course. The elective course is designed using the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) and is based on Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction principles.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
240
Participants in the experimental group will receive the "Mindfulness and Happiness" elective course, consisting of 2 hours per week for 18 consecutive weeks.
Ya-Chu Hsiao
Taoyuan City, N/A = Not Applicable, Taiwan
RECRUITINGPerceived Stress Scale score
The Perceived Stress Scale is a validated self-report measure of perceived stress. Higher scores indicate greater perceived stress
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale score
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-Item Scale (GAD-7) is a validated self-report measure of anxiety severity. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety severity.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)
Mindful Attention Awareness Scale score
The Mindful Attention Awareness Scale is a validated self-report measure of mindfulness. Higher scores indicate greater mindfulness.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)
Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy score
The Chinese version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy is a validated self-report measure of empathy. Higher scores indicate greater empathy.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)
The Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-Short Form (PIUQ-SF) score
The Problematic Internet Use Questionnaire-Short Form (PIUQ-SF) assesses problematic internet use, including obsession, neglect, and control disorder. Higher scores indicate more severe problematic internet use.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)
Taiwan Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire score
The Taiwan Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (Taiwan FFMQ) assesses five facets of mindfulness. Higher scores indicate greater mindfulness.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)
Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Score
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The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) is a validated self-report measure of depression, anxiety, and stress. Higher scores indicate greater psychological distress.
Time frame: Baseline (T0) and end of course (T1, 18 weeks)