Comparison of MRI AI-cTB Versus Routine cTB in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: a Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Inclusion Criteria: 1. The age of the patient is between 45 and 85. 2. Patients with complete multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) data of Peking University First Hospital, qualified image quality control, suspicious lesions, and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS V2.1) of ≥ 3. 3. Patients were in accordance with the indication of prostate biopsy, including patients with suspicious prostate nodes found by digital rectal examination (DRE), the suspicious lesions found by transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) or MRI, total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) \>10ng/mL, tPSA 4-10ng/mL with free-to-total PSA ratio (f/tPSA) \<0.16 or PSA density (PSAD) \>0.15. 4. Patients were in accordance with the indication of repeated prostate biopsy (patients with atypical acinar hyperplasia or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, especially when the pathological results of multi-needle puncture were as above; re-examination of PSA \> 10 ng/ml; re-examination of PSA 4\~10ng/ml, abnormal f/tPSA, abnormal PSAD, abnormal DRE, or imaging abnormalities; for patients with the results of re-examination of PSA 4\~10ng/ml and with close follow-up, PSA for 2 consecutive years \> 10ng/ml or PSA volume \> 0.75/ml/ years). The time interval between the two prostate biopsies should be longer than three months. 5. The targeted prostate biopsy pathological results of above lesions were complete. The time interval between targeted prostate biopsy and prostate mpMRI examination should not exceed one month. 6. Patients with complete clinical information. Exclusion Criteria: 1. The mpMRI data was unqualified or incomplete. 2. Patients had received radiotherapy, chemotherapy, androgen deprivation therapy, or surgery treatment before prostate mpMRI examination or prostate biopsy. 3. The mpMRI of Peking University First Hospital did not find suspicious prostate lesions. 4. Patients were not in accordance with the indication of prostate biopsy or were not received systematic biopsy combined with targeted biopsy. 5. The patient could not cooperate to complete the systematic biopsy combined with targeted biopsy. The patients or their family members refused to participate in this study. 6. Patients with incomplete clinical information.