This is a multi-center, nested cohort study intended to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of complications in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis, especially focused on Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation, bacterial infections, hepatic encephalopathy, and Hepatorenal syndrome. Patients diagnosed with acutely decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled. Upon enrollment, detailed baseline data were collected and samples were harvested. Complications were assessed during hospitalization. Post-discharge follow-up was conducted through telephonic interviews at Day 30 and Day 90.
This is a multi-center, nested cohort study intended to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of complications in patients with acutely decompensated cirrhosis, especially focused on CMV reactivation, bacterial infections, hepatic encephalopathy, and Hepatorenal syndrome. Patients diagnosed with acute decompensated cirrhosis were enrolled. Upon enrollment, detailed baseline data were collected and samples including ascites, feces, plasma, urine and PBMC were harvested. Following enrollment, patients were subjected to a rigorous follow-up regimen extending over a period of 90 days. Complications were assessed every 3-4 days during hospitalization through a combination of laboratory and clinical evaluations. Post-discharge follow-up was conducted through telephonic interviews at Day 30 and Day 90. Upon the emergence of new complications, such as infections (viral, bacterial or fungal) or hepatic encephalopathy, a detailed, complication-specific protocol was activated (Per complications protocols as follows). Special complications protocols: Hepatic encephalopathy: 1. The feces, plasma, and urine were collected at hepatic encephalopathy diagnosis before treatment and at Day 4, 7, 14 since hepatic encephalopathy treatment. If patients were discharged before14 days post-hepatic encephalopathy, the sample at discharge were collocated; 2. The treatment strategy for HE is recorded; 3. The HE severity assessments were carried out daily. CMV reactivation: 1. The patients' plasma were collected twice a week for the assessment of CMV reactivation; The patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) samples were collected at baseline and at the time of diagnosis of CMV reactivation; 2. The treatment strategy for CMV is recorded.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
660
All enrolled patients are monitored for CMV reactivation and hepatic encephalopathy using regular clinical tests or library test
Hepatology Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University
Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
RECRUITINGIncidence of CMV reactivation
Cytomegalovirus DNA was quantified in stored plasma samples using real-time PCR (polymerase chain reaction) assay. DNA extraction was performed on 200 µL of plasma using a QIAamp DNA blood kit (Qiagen, German). Then, 25 µL of Tris (10 mM, pH 8.0) was used to elute the DNA, and 10 µL of the DNA was used for each PCR reaction. The minimum detection level was 102 copies/ml of plasma and values over this lower detection limit were considered to be CMV reactivation positive.
Time frame: From enrollment to 90 days
Incidence of hepatic encephalopathy
Patients meet West Haven criteria (Grade 1-4) were diagnosed of hepatic encephalopathy.
Time frame: From enrollment to 90 days
Response to anti-CMV therapy
Patients with CMV reactivation may receive anti-CMV therapy; response to anti-CMV therapy was defined as patients' CMV-DNA test negative at more than 2 times.
Time frame: From CMV reactivation to one week and 90 days after treatment
Response to treatment for hepatic encephalopathy (HE)
Patients with hepatic encephalopathy may receive lactulose and (or) rifaximin; Patients' extent of HE change to Grade 0 (West Haven criteria) or decreased 2 grade from the baseline were be defined to response to the HE treatment.
Time frame: From HE diagnosis to one week and 90 days after treatment
Survival
Transplantation free survival
Time frame: From enrollment to 90 days
This platform is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional.