Effect of Laser-aided Csf on the Rate of Leveling and Alignment of Mandibular Anterior Crowding

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients indicated for orthodontic treatment 18-25 years * full permanent dentition (not necessarily third molars) * mandibular anterior crowding * no visible anomaly of enamel * good oral hygiene Exclusion Criteria: * patients with mandibular anterior teeth with advanced caries, prosthetic restorations or dental anomalies * patients with dentofacial deformities or medical problems * patients indicated for extractions as a part of orthodontic treatment * patients with severe mandibular gingival inflammation/periodontitis * pregnant female patients * patients with previous orthodontic treatment * patients with previous mandibular extractions except third molars * patients taking medications that could alter orthodontic treatment * patients with clefts,syndromes, systemic diseases