Serplulimab Combined With Nab-paclitaxel and Cisplatin in Neoadjuvant Therapy for Resectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Inclusion criteria: * The age range of the enrolled patients was 18-70 years; * ECOG score 0-1 ; * Patients with ESCC diagnosed by pathology (histology or cytology); * Resectable IB-III (cT1b\~3N1-2M0 or cT3\~4aN0\~1M0) stage per the 8th edition of clinical TNM staging; * Measurable lesions (per RECIST 1.1 criteria: major tumor diameter on CT scan ≥10mm, short lymph node diameter on CT scan ≥15mm); * No prior radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgery, or targeted therapy; * Surgical tolerance and ability to consume liquid diet without esophageal complications; * Normal major organ function criteria: (1) Blood tests: ANC ≥ 1.5 × 109/L, PLT ≥ 100 × 109/L, HB ≥ 90 g/L; (2) Biochemical tests: TBIL≤1.5×ULN, ALT/AST≤ 2.5×ULN, serum creatinine ≤1.5×ULN, ALB ≥ 30 g/L; (3) Coagulation function: INR≤1.5×ULN, APTT≤1.5×ULN; * Normal or mildly to moderately abnormal lung function suitable for EC surgery: A) VC%\>60%, B) FEV1\>1.2L, FEV1%\>40%, C) DLCO\>40%; * Voluntary participation with informed consent and good compliance. The exclusion criteria were as follows: * Any current or past presence of autoimmune diseases; * Patients with immune deficiency disorders like HIV infection, active hepatitis B (HBV DNA ≥ 500 IU/ML), hepatitis C (HCV antibody positive, and HCV-RNA above the detection limit), or co-infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C; * Patients who have taken immunosuppressive drugs within 14 days before enrollment; patients who experienced a weight loss of ≥10% within 6 months prior to enrollment, or have a BMI below 18.5kg/m2, or have a PG-SGA score indicating grade C; * Patients who had attenuated live vaccines within 4 weeks before enrollment; * History of other cancers; * Patients with myocardial infarction within six months before enrollment or diagnosed with New York Heart Association grade ≥ II heart failure; * Patients who have experienced severe infections or undergone allogeneic organ transplantation or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation within the 4 weeks preceding enrollment; * Patients with substance abuse, alcohol consumption, or psychotropic substance use.