Data shows that high intensity resistance training reduces Intermuscular Adipose Tissue (IMAT) in obesity adults. Whether moderate resistance training reduces IMAT for non-obese elderly patients with diabetes is not clear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of moderate resistance training on IMAT in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes, and the independent effect of IMAT reduction on metabolic outcomes. In this randomized control trial (RCT), 85 type 2 diabetes patients were randomized into the resistance training group (42 participants) and control group (43 participants) for 6-month intervention. The control group was not asked to participate in any regular exercise. However, the group attended online group educational sessions about diabetes self management once a month, and were asked to record their daily physical activities. Online mini program Wechat was used for communication. The intervention group attended online group education sessions on diabetes self management as the control group, as well as resistance exercise training sessions three times weekly; the sessions were approximately 40 minutes long and included 5 minutes of warm up, followed by 30 minutes of resistance exercises and 5 minutes of cool down. The resistance training consisted of ten upper-body and lower-body exercises using elastic band. The initial sessions were 1 to 2 sets of 6 to 8 repetitions at 45% of the one-repetition maximum (1 RM). It was increased progressively to 2 to 3 sets of 8 to 12 repetitions at approximately 50% -55% of 1 RM. The primary outcome were the changes of IMAT measured by computed tomography（CT）scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) interactive decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least squares qualification sequence (IDEAL-IQ). The secondary outcomes were the changes in metabolic parameters.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
85
The intervention group attended online group education sessions on diabetes self management, as well as resistance exercise training sessions three times weekly; the sessions were approximately 40 minutes long and included 5 minutes of warm up, followed by 30 minutes of resistance exercises and 5 minutes of cool down. The resistance training consisted of ten upper-body and lower-body exercises using elastic band. The initial sessions were 1 to 2 sets of 6 to 8 repetitions at 45% of the one-repetition maximum (1 RM). It was increased progressively to 2 to 3 sets of 8 to 12 approximately 50% -55% of 1 RM.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University
Haikou, Hainan, China
The primary outcome were the changes of IMAT
MRI IDEAL-IQ was used to quantitatively assess IMAT in the middle of left thigh. This study used fat fraction as the indicator to quantify IMAT of the thigh muscle. CT scan was used to assess IMAT area. Hounsfeild (Hu) was used to quantify the density of muscle or fat. The density of IMAT area is low, between -190Hu to -30Hu. With regard to muscle area, there are two different density areas: Normal attenuation muscle area, with density between 31Hu to 100Hu, representing normal muscle area, and Low attenuation muscle area, with density between 0Hu to 30Hu, representing fat infiltration, the lower the Hu, the higher the fat infiltration.
Time frame: 6 months
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