Slow Gait Speed as an Indicator of Overweight, Dynapenic Obesity and Sarcopenic Obesity in Elderly People in the Community

Gait Speed

A well-lit, unobstructed flat corridor with an extension of 10 meters is used for the test. Ground markings are added at 0 and 10 meters apart, with 2 meters start (acceleration) and 2 meters end (deceleration) added to allow participants room to accelerate and decelerate their walk outside the data collection area to help reduce the gait variability introduced during these phases. Subjects were instructed to walk at a usual and comfortable speed, without running or stopping. Subjects are allowed to use usual technical aids for walking, including walkers or canes if required. Chronometers based on smartphones to time the route between the second and third line of the route that consists of the 10 timed meters. The stopwatch records the time at which the subject's toe crossed the line. This sequence is repeated three times with 1 minute rest periods. The average of the three trials is used to determine the walking speed.

Time frame: Month 1

Anthropometric measures

Biospace Inbody: Individuals are placed in a standing position with 30º flexion of the scapulo-humeral joint. 8 electrodes are used located on: feet (metatarso-calcaneus) and hands (metacarpals 2nd-5th finger and phalanx of the thumb). The induction frequency is assessed with 6 different intensities (1, 5, 50, 250, 500 kHz and 1 MHz), with a fat mass estimation sensitivity of 0.1 kg (0.1%). From this measurement we obtain: percentage of muscle mass, percentage of general fat, percentage of visceral fat and bone weight.

Time frame: Month 1

Handgrip dynamometry

To evaluate manual muscle strength, the Baseline handgrip dynamometer will be used. The assessment is carried out with the subject in a seated position in a chair without armrests, with the back and feet adequately supported on the floor while the hips and knees are at 90°. The position was with shoulders adducted and neutrally rotated, elbows flexed at 90° and forearms in a neutral position. We began by evaluating the dominant hand by positioning the wrist between 15 and 30° of extension and between 0° and 15° of ulnar deviation. The dynamometer must be used in a vertical position, and parallel to the forearm, while the participant grips the handle with a thumbs up. 3 repetitions were performed for each limb, obtaining an average of the measurements, the grip time will be 3 to 6 seconds with a rest time of 1 minute, using the best value for data analysis.

Time frame: Month 1