Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Community Health Management Program for Dry Eye Disease in Middle-Aged and Elderly Individuals

Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS)

GAS is an individualized assessment method encompassing multiple personal goals, with a standardized formula for calculating total scores to facilitate comparisons. A score of 50 represents the expected level of achievement, with higher scores indicating greater goal attainment. GAS demonstrates good reliability, validity, and sensitivity. Based on the GAS goal list, researchers and participants collaboratively select goals and assign weights. Expected goals (assigned 0 points) and other goal levels (significantly above expected +2, slightly above expected +1, slightly below expected -1, significantly below expected -2) are established. Goal attainment is evaluated during follow-up, and GAS scores are calculated.

Time frame: 12 weeks

Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI)

The OSDI questionnaire assesses common dry eye symptoms and their frequency, aiding in the grading of dry eye severity. It focuses on symptoms such as dryness, foreign body sensation, stinging, photophobia, blurred vision, and the impact on daily life and environmental factors. Symptoms are rated on a scale of frequency: always (4 points), most of the time (3 points), half of the time (2 points), occasionally (1 point), and never (0 points). The OSDI total score is calculated as (sum of item scores × 25)/12, ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms.

Time frame: 12 weeks

Schirmer I Test

The Schirmer I test measures tear secretion by placing a Schirmer strip under the lower eyelid conjunctiva with the patient's eyes closed, measuring tear absorption over 5 minutes. This test is widely used to evaluate dry eye syndrome. Tear secretion measured by Schirmer I test (without anesthesia) \>5 mm/5 min and ≤10 mm/5 min indicates mild dry eye; \>3 mm/5 min and ≤5 mm/5 min indicates moderate dry eye; and ≤3 mm/5 min indicates severe dry eye.

Time frame: 12 weeks

Quality of Life for Dry Eye Patients

NEI-VFQ-25：This is one of the most commonly used ophthalmic quality of life questionnaires, assessing vision-related issues and patients' quality of life. It consists of 25 questions divided into three parts: general health and vision, limitations in activities, and responses to vision problems. The items are categorized into dimensions such as overall health, overall vision, eye pain, near activities, distance activities, peripheral vision, color vision, driving, social functioning, role limitations, dependency, and mental health. Respondents rate their subjective experience on a 5 or 6-point scale, with scores weighted according to the question type, using values such as 100, 75, 50, 25, 0, or not scored. The highest possible score is 100, and the lowest is 0. Scores for each dimension are averaged, and overall scores for each section are averaged from the dimension scores. Higher scores indicate better quality of life. 8.Diagnostic Criteria for Dry eye disease (DED).