The aim of the study is to examine the clinical applicability of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia in individuals with PWS by investigating the association between ultrasound-derived measurements, DXA-derived measurements, and sarcopenia-related outcomes.
Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass plus low muscle strength, and/or low physical performance, that may affect over 25% of individuals over the age of 60, resulting in an increased likelihood of developing disability. Abnormal body composition with an increased in body fat mass and a decreased in skeletal muscle mass were noted in individuals with Prader Willi syndrome (PWS), thought to be related to hormonal deficiencies due to hypothalamic dysfunction, presenting as a unique congenital model of sarcopenia. Muscle mass can be measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan device, but it is expensive, increased radiation exposure, and not easily accessible in all clinical practice. Ultrasound (USD) is a non-invasive, without ionising radiation, low-cost, and easily accessible tool for the assessment of soft tissue. There were increasing evidence for the use of USD in the measurement of muscle thickness (MT), cross-sectional area (CSA) and pennate anle (PA) of different muscle groups in different populations. However, the use of USD as a routine diagnostic tool in individuals with PWS has not been reported yet. The aim of the study is to examine the clinical applicability of ultrasound as a diagnostic tool for sarcopenia in individuals with PWS by investigating the association between ultrasound-derived measurements, DXA-derived measurements, and sarcopenia-related outcomes.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
49
Rectus femoris cross sectional area (RFCSA), RF muscle thickness, vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness, Gastrocnemius medialis (GM) muscle thickness, VL pennation angle (PA), and GM PA.
skeletal muscle mass (SM), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI), total lean body mass (LBM), total fat mass (BF), percentage fat mass, and fat mass index (FMI).
Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation
New Taipei City, Taiwan
Muscle thickness ultrasound
Ultrasound scanning of the muscle thickness of rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) using B-mode ultrasonography (LOGIQ S8, GE Healthcare, USA) and a 7-15 MHz linear array transducer.
Time frame: 1 day
Cross-sectional area ultrasound
Ultrasound scanning of the cross sectional area of rectus femoris (RF) using B-mode ultrasonography (LOGIQ S8, GE Healthcare, USA) and a 7-15 MHz linear array transducer.
Time frame: 1 day
Pennation angle ultrasound
Ultrasound scanning of the pennation angles of vastus lateralis (VL) and gastrocnemius medialis (GM) using B-mode ultrasonography (LOGIQ S8, GE Healthcare, USA) and a 7-15 MHz linear array transducer.
Time frame: 1 day
DXA: total lean body mass
Lean index of total lean body mass (LBM) with Hologic QDR-4500A, Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
Time frame: 1 day
DXA: skeletal muscle (SM)
Lean index of skeletal muscle (SM) with Hologic QDR-4500A, Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
Time frame: 1 day
DXA: appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI)
Lean index of appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) with Hologic QDR-4500A, Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA
Time frame: 1 day
DXA: fat mass index (FMI)
Adipose index of fat mass index using Hologic QDR-4500A, Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.
Time frame: 1 day
DXA: body fat mass (BFM)
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Adipose index of body fat mass (BFM) using Hologic QDR-4500A, Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.
Time frame: 1 day
DXA: percentage fat mass
Adipose index of percentage fat mass using Hologic QDR-4500A, Hologic, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.
Time frame: 1 day
Handgrip and lateral pinch strength
Grip strength and lateral pinch will be assessed bilaterally using an isometric Baseline hydraulic hand dynamometer and pinch gauge.
Time frame: 1 day
Physical performance test: SPPB
The short physical performance battery (SPPB) will be used, which measures balance, walking speed, strength, and endurance in the lower limbs, and is scored from zero to 12 (worst to best score).
Time frame: 1 day
Physical performance test: gait speed
In the gait speed test participants walk over a 4-meter distance at their normal pace.
Time frame: 1 day
Physical performance test: five-time chair stand test
In the 5-time chair stand test participants perform five sit-to-stand movements as quickly as possible
Time frame: 1 day