This study aims to learn about relative energy deficiency in male and female rowers at the end of the direct sport preparation phase of the annual training cycle. The main questions: \- How will energy intake influence leptin, cortisol levels, mood, gut discomfort, and permeability? The observational study involves male and female rowers from the Polish rowing team. Participants will perform 2000 meter ergometer test and 6000 ergometer test in annual training cycle. Researchers will compare outcomes from both tests.
Study Type
OBSERVATIONAL
Enrollment
30
Rowers will perform 2000m ergometer test. A 2,000-meter trial is a standard test used to assess performance in rowers.
Poznan University of Physical Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzow
Gorzów Wielkopolski, Lubusz Voivodeship, Poland
-FABP (intestinal fatty acid binding protein)to measure epithelial wall injury
I-FABP concentration measured in blood \[ng/ml\] using commercially availableenzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
Time frame: Blood samples was taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each stress test (after overnight fasting) up to one hour after getting up, 1 minute after the test, and 3-hour recovery period
Leptin to measure long-term energy balance
Leptin concentration measured in blood \[ng/ml\] using commercially availableenzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
Time frame: Blood samples was taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each stress test (after overnight fasting) up to one hour after getting up, 1 minute after the test, and 3-hour recovery period
Cortisol to measure stress
Stress hormone concentration measured in blood \[ng/ml\] using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
Time frame: Blood samples was taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each stress test (after overnight fasting) up to one hour after getting up, 1 minute after the test, and 3-hour recovery period
sCD14 multifunctional lipopolysaccharide receptor
sCD14 concentration measured in blood \[ug/ml\] using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
Time frame: Blood samples was taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each stress test (after overnight fasting) up to one hour after getting up, 1 minute after the test, and 3-hour recovery period
Claudin to measure tight junction leakage
Claudin concentration measured in blood \[ng/ml\] using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays
Time frame: Blood samples was taken from the cubital vein at three-time points: before each stress test (after overnight fasting) up to one hour after getting up, 1 minute after the test, and 3-hour recovery period
POMS
Profile of Mood States
Time frame: day before the test
REST-Q sport
Recovery-Stress questionnaire for Athletes
Time frame: day before the test
energy
energy \[kcal \]of food intake measured by food diary
Time frame: Time Frame: whole day (24hours) before test, in the morning before the test
protein
protein \[g \]of food intake measured by food diary
Time frame: Time Frame: whole day (24hours) before test, in the morning before the test
fat
fat \[g \]of food intake measured by food diary
Time frame: Time Frame: whole day (24hours) before test, in the morning before the test
carbohydrate
carbohydrate \[g \]of food intake measured by food diary
Time frame: Time Frame: whole day (24hours) before test, in the morning before the test
fiber
fiber \[g \]of food intake measured by food diary
Time frame: Time Frame: whole day (24hours) before test, in the morning before the test
Body mass
Body mass \[kg\] measured by electronic scale to the nearest 0,05 kg (Tanita BC 418 MA Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan)
Time frame: in the morning before the test up to 1 hour after getting up
Body fat
Body fat \[%\] measured by electronic scale (Tanita BC 418 MA Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan)
Time frame: in the morning before the test up to 1 hour after getting up
Total body water
Body water \[%\] measured by electronic scale (Tanita BC 418 MA Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan)
Time frame: in the morning before the test up to 1 hour after getting up
Lean body mass
Anna Skarpańska-Stejnborn, Profesor
CONTACT
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Lean body mass \[kg\] measured by electronic scale (Tanita BC 418 MA Tanita Corporation, Tokyo, Japan)
Time frame: in the morning before the test up to 1 hour after getting up
Height
\[cm\] measured by high meter
Time frame: in the morning before the test up to 1 hour after getting up
Self reported scale of gastrointestinal symptoms e.g.burping, heartburn, flatulence, abdominal pain, the urge to reiterate, vomiting, diarrhoea, nausea, dizziness, and stitch
10-point scale where 10 was the symptom with the greatest severity
Time frame: up to 1 hours after the test