Efficacy and Safety of Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy (Including Flexible Ureteroscopy) Without Indwelling Urinary Catheter

Inclusion Criteria: * Patients with upper urinary tract calculi undergoing rigid ureteroscopic and soft ureteroscopic lithotripsy; * Normal renal function; * Aged between 18 and 70 years old * Complete the operation under general anesthesia Exclusion Criteria: * Solitary kidney; * Previous history of renal transplantation or urinary diversion; * Congenital malformation of urinary system; * Abnormal coagulation mechanism due to blood system diseases, liver diseases, etc. * Severe heart or lung disease, Malignant tumor and immunodeficiency state * Urethral stricture * Neurogenic bladder * Operation under epidural anesthesia or spinal anesthesia * Large amount of bleeding during operation should be observed by indwelling catheter to observe urine color * High risk factors such as large amount of pus fur should be observed during operation. * Urethral injury during operation leads to false passage * Operation time is more than 90 minutes. Higher risk of bleeding or infection