Asthma is a chronic and heterogeneous disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction, airway inflammation and bronchial damage causing dyspnea, wheezing, chest tightness, coughing and impaired quality of life. Papworth technique and Pranayama modify the pattern of breathing to reduce the hyperventilation resulting in normalization of CO2 levels, reduction of bronchospasm and resulting breathlessness .These techniques also change the emotional stresses, improve the immunity system and improve the strength /endurance of respiratory muscles. After taking the consent form from the participants, data will be collected from Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. Non-Probability Convenience Sampling will be applied on asthmatic patients according to inclusion criteria. Patients will be allocated through simple random sampling into group A and B to collect data. Group A will be treated by Papworth technique. Four weeks will be required to complete the treatment plan. Three sessions will be given for one week so total 12 sessions will be given in one month. Group B will be treated by Pranayama. Four weeks will be required to complete the treatment plan. Three sessions will be given for one week so total 12 sessions will be given in one month. Papworth Technique and Pranayama are used and are assessed to see their effectiveness in asthmatic patients by using four questionnaires on dyspnea, fatigue, anxiety, depression and quality of life. These four standardized questionnaires are Borg Dyspnea Scale (BDS), Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS) and Asthma Quality of life. Pulse oximeter will be used to check the oxygen saturation. The study duration will be completed within time duration of 7 months.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
TREATMENT
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
44
The Papworth breathing technique is used by respiratory physiotherapists to control and correct breathing. Instead of using the chest, Papworth technique encourages to take more relaxed breathing by using the abdomen. Breathing in slowly through the nose and breathing out through pursed lips as if blowing out a candle. Repeat this cycle for 3-5 times
Pranayama is an ancient breath technique that originates from yogic practices in India. Sitting comfortably, slowly inhale through the nose and count to five. Direct the breath across the back of the throat as you inhale so the air makes a slight hissing sound keeping the lips sealed, breathe out through the nose and try to match the length of your inhale. The breath should make a noise like waves crashing as you exhale. Continue to inhale and exhale using the same process for 5 to 8 minutes. Aim to do this exercise for 10 to 15 minutes as become more practiced.
Gulab Devi Chest Hospital Lahore
Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan
RECRUITINGPulse Oximeter
oxygen saturation
Time frame: baseline and fourth week
Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale
It is a self- assessment scale. It is a reliable instrument for detecting the anxiety and depression in patients with asthma. The anxiety and depressive subscales are also valid measures of severity of emotional stresses. The HADS is a self-report rating scale consists of 14 items on a 4 point Likert Scale range from 0-3.It measures anxiety and depression, 7 items for each subscale. The total score is the sum of 14 items and for each subscale is the sum of respective seven items, ranging from 0-21
Time frame: baseline and fourth week
Asthma Quality of life
It has 32 questions that contains four sub domains, these are symptoms 11 items, activity limitations 12, emotional function 5, environmental stimuli 4 items. This is marked on a 7 point Likert scale that is changing from 1 to 7 where higher scores indicate better quality of life,1 indicates severely impaired patients with asthma while 7 indicates no impairments. Asthma quality of life has strong measurement properties and is valid for measuring health related quality of life in asthma.
Time frame: baseline and fourth week
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