The Efficacy of Music on Perioperative Pain Management

Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital90 enrolled

Overview

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if intraoperative music stimulation works to alleviate perioperative pain in surgical patients undergoing general anesthesia. It will also learn about the possible mechanisms by how music affects pain. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does music lower the number of times participants need to use a rescue analgesic? What changes occur in electroencephalogram (EEG) and nociception monitors when participants listen to music? Researchers will compare music to mute or control (hear ambient sounds without earphones) to see if music works to alleviate perioperative pain. Participants will listen music or mute or ambient sounds throughout the operation, and receive routine anesthesia care.

Study Type

INTERVENTIONAL

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Purpose

TREATMENT

Masking

DOUBLE

Enrollment

Conditions

Perioperative Pain Management

Interventions

Eligibility

Sex: ALLMin age: 20 YearsMax age: 80 YearsHealthy volunteers:

Medical Language ↔ Plain English

Inclusion Criteria: * Older than 20 years old and younger than 80 years old * male or female * Scheduled for minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic cholecystectomy, appendectomy) * Ambulatory surgery * American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I\~III Exclusion Criteria: * Severe hearing impairment * Severe pulmonary or cardiovascular disease * Brain or central nervous system (CNS) disorder * Long-term systemic steroid or daily morphine treatment * Pregnant women * Emergency surgery * The absence of informed consent

Outcomes

Primary Outcomes

Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)

To assess pain severity using a 0-10 scale, with zero meaning "no pain" and 10 meaning "the worst pain imaginable". Higher scores indicate greater pain intensity.

Time frame: 1. While in the post-anesthesia care unit, for an average of 1 hour. 2. 24 hours after surgery.

Secondary Outcomes

Analgesic-frequency

Frequency of analgesic usage

Time frame: 1. During the operation. 2. While in the post-anesthesia care unit, for an average of 1 hour. 3. 24 hours after surgery.

Analgesic-total amount

Total amount of analgesic used

Time frame: 1. During the operation. 2. While in the post-anesthesia care unit, for an average of 1 hour. 3. 24 hours after surgery.

Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV)

Frequency of nausea and vomiting episodes

Time frame: 1. While in the post-anesthesia care unit, for an average of 1 hour.