Maternal Serum Stathmin-1 Levels in Preeclampsia

Inclusion Criteria: * Gestational Age: Pregnancies between 20 weeks and term (up to 40 weeks). * Diagnosis of Preeclampsia (PE): New-onset hypertension (systolic BP ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg) after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria. * Diagnosis of Severe Preeclampsia: Defined by criteria such as severe hypertension (systolic BP ≥160 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥110 mmHg), organ dysfunction (renal insufficiency, liver involvement, neurological complications), thrombocytopenia, pulmonary edema, or fetal growth restriction. * Control Group: Healthy pregnancies without preeclampsia or other significant maternal or fetal complications. Exclusion Criteria: * Multiple Pregnancies: Participants carrying more than one fetus. * Pregestational Diabetes: Pre-existing diabetes mellitus diagnosed before pregnancy. * Chronic Hypertension: Pre-existing hypertension diagnosed before pregnancy or before 20 weeks of gestation. * Systemic Diseases: Chronic kidney disease, autoimmune diseases, or other significant systemic illnesses. * Fetal Anomalies: Identified structural or genetic abnormalities in the fetus. * Premature Rupture of Membranes: Spontaneous rupture of membranes before the onset of labor at term (37 weeks of gestation) or preterm (before 37 weeks of gestation).