The goal of this clinical trial is to test the benefits of beat-accented music stimulation (BMS) for behavioral changes of physical activity (PA) in older adults with subjective memory complaints. Specific Aims are to determine (1) whether BMS beneficially influences PA behaviors and psychological responses to PA in older adults for 6 months, and (2) whether exercising with BMS differently influences physical and cognitive functioning as well as quality of life in older adults.To test the effects of BMS on PA, participants will be randomly assigned to an exercise intervention that either includes BMS or does not include BMS. Participants will attend a supervised group strength training (ST) (30 min/day) and and aerobic exercise (AE) (30-50 min/day) session for 3 days/week for the first 2 months, 1 day/week for the next 2 months (while encouraging participants to independently perform both AE and ST on other days), and independently for the final 2 months (always with a goal of performing \>150min/week AE and 3 days/week of ST for 30 min/day).
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PREVENTION
Masking
SINGLE
Enrollment
80
Those randomized to the exercise and music group will receive pre-recorded music playlists along with the exercise. During the strength training (ST), participants will be asked to sync their concentric and eccentric muscle contractions in time with the tempo of playlists. For aerobic exercise (AE), we will adjust the tempo of playlists to match individual walking cadence for participants to be trained to walk in sync with the beats of the playlists.
Emory University
Atlanta, Georgia, United States
RECRUITINGUNC Greensboro
Greensboro, North Carolina, United States
RECRUITINGChanges of physical activity behaviors as assessed by ActiGraph wGT3X-BT
Duration, intensity, and frequency of physical activity assessed using an waist-worn accelerometer
Time frame: 7 consecutive days at Baseline (before the intervention) and during month 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6
Affective responses to physical activity as assessed by Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale
Self-reported affective states relative to physical activity. Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale has 18 items based on a 7-point Likert scale and the total score is ranged from 18 to 126.
Time frame: At baseline (before the intervention), month 3 and month 5 during the intervention, and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention)
Adherence to the physical activity program
Daily duration of aerobic exercise and strength training is self-reported on an exercise log.
Time frame: A daily exercise log for the entire 6-month period
General cognition as assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Montreal Cognitive Assessment takes approximately 10 minutes for completion and the total score is ranged from 0 to 30.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Executive function as assessed using the Tower of London - Freiburg version
Tower of London - Freiburg version takes approximately 14 minutes to complete and measures the total number of items solved in minimum number of moves in the range from 0 to 12.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Executive function as assessed using the NIH Toolbox Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention test
The Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention test takes approximately 5 minutes to complete and measures the accuracy and reaction time to create a composite score, ranging from 0 to 10.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Executive function as assessed using the NIH Toolbox Dimensional Change Card Sort test
The Dimensional Change Card Sort test takes approximately 5 minutes to complete and measures the accuracy and reaction time to create a composite score, ranging from 0 to 10.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Executive function as assessed using the NIH Toolbox List Sorting Working Memory test
The List Sorting Working Memory test takes approximately 10 minutes to complete and measures the total number of items correctly recalled and sequenced, ranging from 0 to 26.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Episodic memory as assessed using the NIH Toolbox Picture Sequence Memory test
The Picture Sequence Memory test takes approximately 7 minutes to complete and measures the total number of items correctly placed, ranging from 0 to 31, and the IRT-based theta score, ranging from 200 to 700.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Episodic memory as assessed using the Mnemonic Similarity Task
This custom-developed test takes approximately 15 minutes to complete and measures mnemonic discrimination (a score ranging from 0-1) and visual recognition (a score ranging from 0-1).
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Health-related quality of life as assessed using the RAND 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey
The RAND 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey Scale has 36 items for self-report, takes 10-15 minutes to complete, and measures health-related quality of life with a score ranging from 0 - 100.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Physical activity behaviors as assessed by physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaire.
The physical activity and sedentary behaviour questionnaire has 7 items and takes approximately 5 minutes for completion
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
The progress of aerobic capacity and endurance as assessed by 6-minute walk test
The distance covered over a time of 6 minutes is used as the outcome by which to compare changes in performance capacity.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
The progress of balance, sit-to-stand, and walking as assessed by Timed Up and Go test
The time taken to complete a Timed Up and Go test is an indicator of fall risks.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
The progress of lower-body strength as assessed by 30-Second Sit-to-Stand test
The number of sit-to-stand maneuvers completed in 30 seconds.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
The progress of upper-body strength as assessed by Grip Strength test
The squeeze power in pounds measured by by a handheld dynamometer
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
The progress of balance as assessed by 4-Stage Balance Test
The duration of maintaining 4 difference postures
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Individual differences in music-related reward experiences as assessed by the Barcelona Music Reward Questionnaire (BMRQ)
BMRQ has 24 items and takes 5-10 minutes to complete and measures music-related reward experiences with a score ranging from 0 to 100.
Time frame: At pre-test (before the intervention) and post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
Treatment satisfaction as assessed by the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8)
CSQ has 8 items and takes approximately 3 minutes to complete and measures self-reported satisfaction with the program with a score ranging from 0 to 32.
Time frame: At post-test (within 4 weeks after the intervention).
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