To further validate the performance of the high-sensitivity MRD assay in patients with squamous esophageal cancer who have completed radical radiotherapy; to validate whether MRD-negative patients can maintain a good prognosis under regular follow-up; and to validate whether MRD-positive patients can improve their survival with consolidation therapy with PD-1 monotherapy.
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common lethal tumours in the world and accounts for more than 50% of new cases in China. Definitive concurrent chemoradiotherapy is the standard treatment for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer, and the 5-year survival rate is only about 30%, but due to the lack of evidence, consolidation therapy has not been explicitly recommended in major guidelines. In the CheckMate 577 study, patients who did not achieve pathological complete response (pCR) after surgery improved their survival through immunology consolidation therapy with PD-1 monotherapy, suggesting that patients who did not achieve clinical complete response (cCR) after radiotherapy may benefit from immunology consolidation therapy. This suggests that patients who do not have a clinical complete response (cCR) after radiotherapy are likely to benefit from immunology consolidation therapy. Patients with cCR after radiotherapy may achieve similar results to those achieved with radical surgery, and consolidation is probably not necessary. However, existing clinical practice is unable to accurately determine the efficacy of radiotherapy in esophageal cancer, making risk-of-recurrence-guided stratified consolidation strategies difficult to achieve. Most of the ongoing radiotherapy-immunotherapy studies in esophageal cancer have been designed to treat all patients indiscriminately with immunology consolidation therapy, which may lead to over-treatment of cCR patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find easily accessible and reliable biomarkers for the efficacy of radiotherapy in esophageal cancer, and to carry out prospective clinical studies as soon as possible, so as to optimize the strategy of consolidation therapy after radiotherapy in esophageal cancer. The high sensitivity of minimal residual disease (MRD) detection technology established by the researcher's team provides a prerequisite for this.
Study Type
INTERVENTIONAL
Allocation
NON_RANDOMIZED
Purpose
PD-1 monoclonal antibody-based consolidation therapy for 1 year after completion of radiotherapy (or combination chemotherapy up to 4 cycles if less than 4 cycles of chemotherapy). Specific dosing: PD-1 monoclonal antibody, 200mg every 3 weeks.
Cancer hospital, CAMS
Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
RECRUITINGMedian progression-free survival (PFS)
Median progression-free survival (PFS), was defined as the time from the end of radiotherapy to the first documented progressive disease (PD) per RECIST 1.1 as assessed by the investigator, or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first.
Time frame: 36 month
5-year overall survival
Overall survival was defined as the time from the end of radiotherapy to death due to any cause. Participants without documented death at the time of the final analysis were censored at the date of the last follow-up. OS is reported for all participants of the Intent-To-Treat (ITT) population. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculated the 5-year survival probability.
Time frame: 60 month
Cancer specific survival
From the end of radiotherapy to death specifically attributed to esophageal cancer.
Time frame: 60 month
Incidence of radiotherapy and immunotherapy related toxicity
Acute toxicity Rate, was defined as the frequency of toxicities related to the treatment, which arises during radiotherapy and within three month after the end of radiotherapy, according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event,Version 5.0 (CTC AE5.0). Late toxicity rate, was defined as the frequency of toxicities related to the treatment, which arises three month after the end of radiotherapy, according to National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event,Version 5.0 (CTC AE5.0).
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of 3 year
Quality of life score(QOL) for swallowing function
Evluated by the score of the participants through The EORTC Quality of Life Questionnaire - Oesophageal Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-OES18). The EORTC QLQ-OES18 is a disease-specific questionnaire developed and validated to address measurements specific to esophageal cancer and contains 18 items assessing symptoms of dysphagia, pain, reflux symptoms, eating restrictions, anxiety, dry mouth, taste, body image, and hair loss. All subscale items were scored using a four-point Likert scale with the following response choices: 1=not at all, 2=a little, 3=quite a bit, 4=very much. Raw scores for the subscales were standardized into a range of 0 to 100 by linear transformation, with higher symptom scores represent a higher ("worse") level of symptoms.
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TREATMENT
Masking
NONE
Enrollment
102
Time frame: 36 month
General Quality of life score(QOL)
Change From Baseline in the EORTC QLQ-C30 Subscale Scores in Participants. The score of the participants evaluated by The EORTC core quality of life questionnaire (QLQ-C30). The EORTC-QLQ-C30 is a 30-item questionnaire developed to assess the quality of life of cancer patients. Participant responses to the Global Health Status (GHS) question were scored on a 7-point scale (1=Very Poor to 7=Excellent). Using linear transformation, raw scores were standardized so that scores ranged from 0 to 100, with a higher score represents a higher response level. Thus a high score for a functional scale represents a high/healthy level of functioning.
Time frame: 36 month